Anesthesia progress
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Comparative StudySupplemental oxygen after outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored postoperatively with pulse oximetry in 72 dental patients. Intravenous general anesthesia was employed in 57 patients. All of these patients received supplemental oxygen intraoperatively, and of these, 29 received supplemental oxygen postoperatively. ⋯ Patients with a smoking history had more episodes of desaturation than did nonsmokers in the group that received general anesthesia and breathed room air postoperatively. The total amount of methohexital administered had no significant effect on the number of patients with desaturation episodes. These observations emphasize the need for postoperative oxygen for patients who undergo general anesthesia for outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Comparative StudyComparison of propofol infusion and isoflurane for maintenance of anesthesia for dentistry in mentally retarded patients.
A continuous infusion of propofol following an induction dose of 2 mg/kg was compared with thiopental/isoflurane for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in 20 mentally retarded outpatients undergoing routine dental procedures. The infusion rate of propofol and the concentration of isoflurane were adjusted to maintain the heart rate and blood pressure within +/- 25% of the baseline values. ⋯ Both agents provided adequate anesthesia for the treatment, and no major adverse reactions occurred. Recovery was more complete during the first hour after extubation in the propofol group, and these patients were discharged earlier.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Anesthetic activity of the lipospheres bupivacaine delivery system in the rat.
The Lipospheres Bupivacaine Delivery System (bupivacaine-lipospheres) is a novel sustained-release local anesthetic preparation that has recently been made available for research purposes. This investigation compared the local anesthetic efficacy and safety of 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres, 0.5% bupivacaine plus 1:200,000 epinephrine, lipospheres plain, and physiologic saline following subcutaneous tail injection in the rat. A modified tail-flick paradigm was used to assess local anesthetic efficacy. ⋯ All animals gained weight normally during the 1-wk course of the study, and there were no signs of local tissue toxicity at the injection sites. We conclude that 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres is a safe and efficacious local anesthetic preparation in this particular animal model. It possesses an onset of action that is a rapid as 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine, and a duration that is six times longer.