Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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We examined the efficacy of systemic local anesthetics on various types of neuropathic pain in 89 patients. Lidocaine 1.5 mg.kg-1 was infused intravenously for one minute. ⋯ PS decreased to less than 50 percent of pre-infusion value in more than 75 percent of cases of cancer pain, postherpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, low back pain with signs of root pain or spinal canal stenosis, peripheral nerve injury and thalamic pain, in 50-75 percent of cases of herpetic neuralgia, and in less than 50 percent of cases of cervical spondylosis, spinal cord injury, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causalgia and psychogenic pain. This study suggests that systemic local anesthetics is effective in neuropathy due to cancer pain, postherpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, low back pain with signs of root pain or spinal canal stenosis, peripheral nerve injury and thalamic pain.
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The present study was designed to examine whether palpation of the endotracheal tube cuff indicates appropriate positioning in the children. In 59 children, we used a cuffed endotracheal tube (3.5-5 mm ID) to measure the distance from the carina to the distal tip of the endotracheal tube, when we can palpate the endotracheal tube cuff between the cricoid cartilage and the suprasternal notch. Following slow induction of anesthesia and muscle relaxation, each patient was intubated with a cuffed endotracheal tube of size suitable for age. ⋯ The cuff was deflated after measurement. There were no complications attributable to use of cuffed endotracheal tubes. We concluded that the cuff palpation method was a rapid, reliable and simple technique to ensure the proper tube position in children.
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Clinical Trial
[Effect of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthesia on auditory brainstem responses in children].
The effect of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthesia on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) was studied in 70 infants and children ranging in age between 1 month and 15 years. The latencies in ABR under a non-anesthetic state are no longer in the waves originating from the central portion in younger subjects. This tendency was recognized under ketamine anesthesia as control and sevoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthesia as well. ⋯ The changes in infants were relatively large compared with elder subjects. These concentrations did not decrease the amplitude of waves I, III and V significantly in any age group. Sevoflurane exerted little influence on ABR, and it would be useful for ABR testing in children.