Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
-
A cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) was used in 20 adult patients for airway management under epidural and brachial plexus block supplemented with light general anesthesia. Insertion of a COPA was successful at first attempt in 17 of 20 patients (85%). ⋯ Aspiration regurgitation, or laryngospasm was not observed. We conclude that a COPA can be an efficient airway device is spontaneously breathing patients under anesthesia.
-
A 64-year-old male with tracheal stenosis by thyroid cancer was scheduled for the emergency management of airway maintenance and total thyroidectomy. Dyspnea and orthopnea appeared suddenly on the admission for operation. Cervical CT and bronchial fiberscope examination revealed the trachea oppressed at the frontal neck by thyroid tumor. ⋯ After the operation, pleural bloody effusion was noticed. Blood in effusion seemed to be due to the heparinization in extracorporeal circulation. We conclude that anesthetic management with extracorporeal circulation is one of useful methods for managing severe tracheal stenosis.
-
In order to evaluate the effect of intra-operative blood transfusion on post-operative decrease of ionized Mg (Mg2+), we performed following studies. 1) We measured ionized Mg (Mg2+), total Mg, ionized Ca (Ca2+), total Ca and citrate before and after operation in 70 patients. 2) We evaluated the effect of citrate on Mg2+ and Ca2+ in vitro. 3) We also measured these values during blood transfusion in 8 patients. There was no significant difference between post-operative Mg2+ of 45 patients without blood transfusion (0.49 +/- 0.07 mmol.l-1, % decrease from pre-operative value was 13.4 +/- 9.2%; mean +/- SD), and that of 25 patients with blood transfusion (0.48 +/- 0.09 mmol.l-1, 17.9 +/- 10.2%). ⋯ During blood transfusion, Mg2+ (0.41 +/- 0.05 mmol.l-1) and ionized % (54.5 +/- 8.3%) decreased significantly just like Ca2+ with elevated citrate concentration (0.95 +/- 0.59 mmol.l-1). In conclusion, intra-operative blood transfusion had minor effect on the post-operative decrease of Mg2+, and the major cause was thought to be the dilution of extracellular fluid by Mg-free fluid administered during operation.
-
Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is recommended in view of avoiding air pollution. However, intermittent administration of anesthetic agents has a disadvantage of delayed emergence time. We have suggested continuous TIVA with propofol, ketamine, vecuronium and buprenorphine (PKBp), and reported that the elder or the patients anesthetized for a long time show delayed emergence from continuous TIVA. ⋯ Emergence was evaluated from the 2nd step down of propofol to awareness. There was a linear relationship between the emergence (2nd step down time of propofol to awareness) (Y) and the anesthetic time (X); Y = 0.175X + 3.00. We conclude that the last 1/6 (= 0.175) of anesthetic time is the point to reduce maintenance doses of propofol to achieve more rapid emergence.