The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Combination therapy versus monotherapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a meta-analysis.
Several randomised controlled studies and a previous meta-analysis have reported conflicting results regarding the effect of combined targeted therapy compared with monotherapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of a combination of PAH-specific therapies compared with monotherapy on predefined clinical worsening in PAH. ⋯ None.
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Review Meta Analysis
E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Smokers increasingly use e-cigarettes for many reasons, including attempts to quit combustible cigarettes and to use nicotine where smoking is prohibited. We aimed to assess the association between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking cessation among adult cigarette smokers, irrespective of their motivation for using e-cigarettes. ⋯ National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, FDA Center for Tobacco Products.
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Review Meta Analysis
E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Smokers increasingly use e-cigarettes for many reasons, including attempts to quit combustible cigarettes and to use nicotine where smoking is prohibited. We aimed to assess the association between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking cessation among adult cigarette smokers, irrespective of their motivation for using e-cigarettes. ⋯ National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, FDA Center for Tobacco Products.
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The central role of the microbiome in critical illness is supported by a half century of experimental and clinical study. The physiological effects of critical illness and the clinical interventions of intensive care substantially alter the microbiome. ⋯ This Review surveys the microbial ecology of critically ill patients, presents the facts and unanswered questions surrounding gut-derived sepsis, and explores the radically altered ecosystem of the injured alveolus. The revolution in culture-independent microbiology has provided the tools needed to target the microbiome rationally for the prevention and treatment of critical illness, holding great promise to improve the acute and chronic outcomes of the critically ill.
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Review Meta Analysis
Risk of cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder associated with increased comorbid prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to quantify the magnitudes of association between overall and specific types of cardiovascular disease, major cardiovascular risk factors, and COPD. ⋯ Canadian Institutes of Health Research.