Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphisms with cerebral vasospasm after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is the main complication of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), severely affecting clinical outcome of patients with SAH. Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is associated with prognosis of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and APOEε4 allele is reported to be apt to CVS after SAH. The current study aimed to investigate the association of APOE polymorphisms with CVS after SAH. ⋯ Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that ApoEε4 allele was a risk factor (OR=2.842. 95% CI 1.072-6.124. P=0.019) to predispose to CVS after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension or not, hyperlipemia or not, Fisher grade, and Hunt-Hess grade after SAH. Our finding suggests that the patients with APOEε4 allele predispose to CVS after spontaneous SAH.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Thrombin preconditioning reduces iron-induced brain swelling and brain atrophy.
Cerebral preconditioning with a low dose of thrombin attenuates brain edema induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a large dose of thrombin or iron. This study examined whether or not thrombin preconditioning (TPC) reduces neuronal death and brain atrophy caused by iron. The right hippocampus of rats was pretreated with or without thrombin, and iron was then injected into the same location 3 days later. ⋯ We found that TPC reduced neuronal death and brain swelling in the hippocampus 1 day after iron injection, and hippocampal atrophy 7 days later. Western blots showed that thrombin activates p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44/42 MAPK) and 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70 S6K). Our results indicate that TPC reduction of iron-induced neuronal death may be through the p44/42 MAPK /p70 S6K signal transduction pathway.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Stroke is frequently followed by electrocardiographic changes. Although electrocardiographic abnormalities are well known in ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage, these changes have only rarely been investigated systematically in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and characterization of ECG abnormalities in a consecutive series of ICH patients who had no history of heart disease. ⋯ Electrocardiographic abnormalities frequently occur after intracerebral hemorrhage, and these changes were not related to the level of the cerebral lesion, but were related to the location of the cerebral lesion and the outcome.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Clinical requirements and possible applications of robot assisted endoscopy in skull base and sinus surgery.
Functional Endoscopic Surgery of Paranasal sinuses (FESS) and Skull Base surgery is one of the most frequent surgeries performed at the ENT department of the Bonn University, Germany. Beside of surgical Navigation Robotic is one of the upcoming fields of Computer assisted Surgery developments. This work presents novel research and concepts for Robot Assisted Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (RASS) of the Paranasal sinuses and the anterior Skull Base containing the analysis of surgical workflows, the segmentation and modelling of the Paranasal sinuses and the anterior Skull Base and the development of the robotic path planning. An interdisciplinary group of software engineers and surgeons in Braunschweig and Bonn, Germany are approximate to solutions by a clinical and technical research program financed through the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, German research Community).
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Isoflurane preconditioning affords functional neuroprotection in a murine model of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Exposure to isoflurane gas prior to neurological injury, known as anesthetic preconditioning, has been shown to provide neuroprotective benefits in animal models of ischemic stroke. Given the common mediators of cellular injury in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, we hypothesize that isoflurane preconditioning will provide neurological protection in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). ⋯ These results demonstrate the early functional neuroprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning in ICH and suggest that methods of preconditioning that afford protection in ischemia may also provide protection in ICH.