Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja
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One or more causes may be revealed underlying chronic pain in the groin. Knowledge of the complex anatomy of the groin may provide hints about the cause of the pain. ⋯ The latter provides the best information on the structures of the groin region and the surrounding soft tissues. We present two rare causes of pain in the groin, the diagnosis of which was delayed due to insufficient imaging.
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Emergency Medicine (EM) was established as a speciality in Finland in the beginning of 2013. The training period of six years conforms to the principles of the European Curriculum for EM. We present here the first-year training in Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, located in Southern Finland. ⋯ Lunchtime lectures covering a wide variety of topics in EM are an essential part of our weekly education day. This day also offers to the residents small group sessions with abstracts, case reports, focused lectures and ultrasound training. A successful training program of EM is achievable by good collaboration with other specialities.
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Ebola virus has been transmitted from its reservoirs to a human at least about twenty times, established limited human-to-human transmission chains and caused severe generalized infections, often with symptoms involving hemorrhagic fever. Of the five viruses belonging to the genus Ebolavirus, four have been described to have caused human disease, three of them having caused epidemics (25 to 90% mortality). ⋯ By October 25, 2014, the epidemic has caused 4,912 deaths in the epidemic region. The report reviews the background information on the virus, disease and its current spread, as well as describes the ebola preparedness currently in Finland.
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Suspicion of epilepsy is an indication for an urgent referral to a pediatric or child neurology care unit. Diagnosis of epilepsy is based on medical history and clinical examination, supplemented with EEG, brain imaging and laboratory tests. Antiepileptic medication is usually initiated after the second epileptic seizure. ⋯ Some children with epilepsy may benefit from ketogenic diet. Surgical treatment options should be considered in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Acute treatment for febrile seizures follows the same principles as treatment of epileptic seizures, but long-term preventive anticonvulsants are not recommended.
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Short lingual frenulum is a common structural abnormality with unknown mechanisms of origination. The frequency of occurrence among newborn infants can be as high as 4%. Short lingual frenulum may cause problems, if it restricts the movements of the tongue. Therapeutic indications for short lingual frenulum in newborn infants are mainly breastfeeding problems, whereas in children of preschool age and older the indication is defective pronunciation.