Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine
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Pain associated with herpes zoster arise from the virul neuritis of the suffered trigeminal or spinal dorsal ganglion. Prolonged neuritis makes an irreversible nerve injury and continuous pain impulse develops a central sensitization. A post-herpetic neuralgia is thought to be a neuropathic pain due to the irreversible nerve injury and sensitization. ⋯ It is also known that some sympathetic mechanisms relate to the development of the sensitization. A sensory nerve block reduces pain impulse to the dorsal horn, and may interfere the sensitization. A cortico-steroid administrated with a nerve block can reduce the neuritis, and may improve the nerve injury.
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Dysmenorrhea is commonly observed in women and it reduces their quality of life. Most of dysmenorrhea is based on the disease of endometriosis, uterine myoma, uterine anomalies etc. and some cases are functional. ⋯ There are many different factors for dysmenorrhea in endometriosis, which is the commonest disease with dysmenorrhea, and we have to perform various therapies for pain. Therefore, we discuss in this paper the control for the functional dysmenorrhea and the pain in endometriosis.
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Neuropathic pain results from injury to neural structures within the peripheral or central nervous systems. Such injury promotes spontaneous and ectopic firing of nerves as well as reorganization of the nervous system. Neuropathic pain persists chronically. ⋯ This hypersensitivity is manifest as hyperalgesia and allodynia. Complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS is a category of neuropathic pain and is further divided into type I(reflex sympathetic dystrophy: RSD) and type II(causalgia). CRPS is characterized by localized autonomic dysregulation in the affected area with vasomotor and/or sudomotor changes, edema, colour difference, sweating abnormality, and atrophy.
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Morphine is clinically superior in relieving severe pain such as cancer pain. However, considering misplaced fears of the dangers of dependence potential and abuse liability, doctors have hesitated to treat patients with morphine. ⋯ The present study was then designed to investigate the rewarding effects induced by morphine under chronic pain by inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rodents. Furthermore, we also investigated whether any biological changes to interfere with the effects of morphine could be seen under chronic pain.