Annals of the American Thoracic Society
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Aspiration pneumonia is a subset of pneumonias prevalent in elderly patients and patients with neurologic disorders. Researchers in previous studies mostly reported incidence and/or mortality rates based on regional data or in specific subgroups of patients. There is a paucity of nationwide data in the contemporary U.S. ⋯ The incidence and mortality of patients admitted to acute care hospitals for aspiration pneumonia decreased between 2002 and 2012 in the United States. This difference was more evident for elderly patients. However, the cost of hospitalization almost doubled. Being older than 65 years of age is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality among patients admitted for aspiration pneumonia. Strategies to prevent aspiration pneumonia in the community should be implemented in the aging U.S.
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Observational Study
Changes in Habitual Sleep Duration after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can affect not only sleep quality but also sleep duration. Determining the therapeutic effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on habitual sleep profiles may shed light on the impact of OSA on sleep duration. ⋯ Short-term CPAP did not affect habitual night sleep duration in the group as a whole but induced intraindividual changes in relation to phenotypic features of OSA. Clinical trial registered with www.umin.ac.jp (UMIN000012639).
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Assessing the Usefulness and Validity of Frailty Markers in Critically Ill Adults.
Identifying frailty by the presence of a critical number of frailty markers has been difficult to operationalize in the intensive care unit (ICU), where patients often cannot complete performance measures or answer complex questions. ⋯ Asking patients or surrogates about frailty markers may be a valid approach to identifying critically ill adults with a frailty phenotype associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes. Larger studies measuring frailty markers may provide insight into factors that impact short- and long-term outcomes after ICU admission.