Der Radiologe
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The recent development of 3 Tesla MRI (3T MRI) has been fueled by promise of increased signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). Many are excited about the opportunity to not only use the increased SNR for clearer images, but also the chance to exchange it for better resolution or faster scans. These possibilities have caused a rapid increase in the market for 3T MRI, where the faster scanning tips an already advantageous economic outlook in favor of the user. ⋯ To date, both animal and human imaging have been performed on a whole body 7T scanner. Results show promise for both detailed imaging and functional MRI, but the road ahead is too long to be able to predict where it will end. The move toward higher field strengths is an exciting adventure in which 3T plays the role of trailblazer.
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Thoracic sonography has become an established imaging tool for evaluating specific paediatric thoracic diseases; particularly queries such as thymomegaly, pleural effusion, pulmonal sequester or thoracic small part pathology may be reliably addressed. Using appropriate ultrasound equipment the well trained and experienced investigator may diagnose these conditions without the need for a radiating imaging modality or help to evaluate equivocal findings on chest plain films. ⋯ The restrictions and setbacks are discussed, and an algorithm for additional imaging and typical scenarios is supposed in order to help and encourage the meaningful and efficient use of this non-ionising, easy applicable imaging tool to chest queries. In conclusion, this review tries to give an overview of the restrictions and indications for thoracic sonography in neonates, infants and children as a useful imaging tool when indicated.
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With the recent advances in broadband transducer technology and refinements in scanning technique, an increasing number of nerves and related pathologic conditions are identified with sonography. High-resolution sonography can support clinical and electrophysiological testing for detection of a variety of nerve abnormalities, including entrapment neuropathies, traumas, infectious disorders, and tumors. In addition, procedures of regional anesthesia and percutaneous treatment of painful neuromas can be effectively guided by sonography in real time. This article addresses the normal US appearance of peripheral nerves and discusses the potential role of this technique to image nerve disorders in specific clinical settings.
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Review Comparative Study
[Uterine fibroids--therapy from the point of view of the gynaecologist].
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumour affecting the female reproductive tract, 20% of all women older than 35 years are afflicted. Patients with fibroids tend to be asymptomatic, but fibroids may lead to meno-, metrorrhagia, hyper- and dysmenorrhoea and urination and defecation problems. If the fibroids do not cause any clinical symptoms and if there is no suspicion of a malignant tumor, there is no need for therapeutic intervention. ⋯ For women who wish to conserve their fertility enucleation of the fibroids can be considered. These surgical procedures can be performed endoscopically or abdominally. Uterine artery embolisation, a radiological intervention, is less invasive and represents an interesting therapeutic alternative.
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A targeted successful treatment of spinal infectious diseases requires clinical and laboratory data that are completed by the contribution of imaging procedures. Neuroimaging only provides essential informations on the correct topography, localisation, acuity and differential diagnosis of spinal infectious lesions. ⋯ We present pyogenic, granulomatous and postoperative variants of spondylodicitis, spinal epidural abscess, spinal meningitis and spinal cord infections. The importance of intravenous contrastmedia application is pointed out.