Radiology
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Comparative Study
Sex differences in white matter abnormalities after mild traumatic brain injury: localization and correlation with outcome.
To evaluate sex differences in diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) white matter abnormalities after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and to compare associated clinical outcomes. ⋯ Relative sparing of the UF is seen in female compared with male patients after mTBI, with sex and UF FA values as stronger predictors of TSR than initial symptom severity.
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To determine the specific facial computed tomographic (CT) findings that can be used to predict traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) in patients with blunt craniofacial trauma and propose a scoring system to identify patients at highest risk of TON. ⋯ The risk model developed may help radiologists suggest the possibility of TON and prioritize ophthalmology consults. However, future external validation of this prediction model is necessary.
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To investigate the predictive value of transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-measured tumor perfusion changes during transarterial chemoembolization on transplant-free survival (TFS) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ The study shows evidence of an association between intraprocedural tumor perfusion reduction during chemoembolization and TFS and suggests the utility of TRIP MR imaging- measured tumor perfusion reduction as an intraprocedural imaging biomarker during chemoembolization.
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Comparative Study
Pathologically proved nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: CT pattern analysis as compared with usual interstitial pneumonia CT pattern.
To assess the variability of computed tomography (CT) patterns in patients with pathologic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and to evaluate correlation of CT patterns with new idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) classification guidelines, including pathologic diagnosis and predicted mortality. ⋯ CT pattern in patients with pathologic NSIP is more uniform than that in patients with pathologic UIP, and CT NSIP pattern is associated with better patient outcome than is CT UIP pattern.
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To explore alterations of regional and network-level neural function using resting-state functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to assess the association between these alterations of intrinsic neural activity and executive dysfunction in ADHD. ⋯ These findings of focal spontaneous hyper- and hypofunction, together with altered brain connectivity in the large-scale resting-state networks, which correlates with executive dysfunction, point to a connectivity-based pathophysiologic process in ADHD.