Regional anesthesia
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Regional anesthesia · Jul 1992
Comparative StudyChronotropic and inotropic effects of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, and lidocaine in the spontaneously beating and electrically paced isolated, perfused rabbit heart.
The purpose of this study was to compare the inotropic and chronotropic effects of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, and lidocaine in an isolated, spontaneously beating rabbit heart preparation. The ability to electrically pace the heart in the presence of local anesthetic also was examined. ⋯ The results of this study indicate that bupivacaine is more cardiodepressant and arrhythmogenic than either ropivacaine or lidocaine.
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Regional anesthesia · Jul 1992
Comparative StudyHemodynamic effects of continuous spinal anesthesia: a comparative study between low and high doses of bupivacaine.
Arterial hypotension is a major side effect of spinal anesthesia. Continuous spinal anesthesia may allow titration of the amount of local anesthetic to obtain a level that is appropriate for the surgical procedure. ⋯ Continuous spinal anesthesia with small amounts of 0.125% plain bupivacaine produces effective anesthesia for orthopedic procedures in elderly patients with minimal hemodynamic changes.
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Regional anesthesia · May 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of epidural analgesia on colorectal anastomotic healing and colonic motility.
To examine the effect of epidural local anesthetic and narcotic agents on colonic anastomotic healing. ⋯ These findings suggest in this model that postoperative epidural analgesia is a safe technique after colorectal resection and anastomosis.
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Regional anesthesia · May 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe antiemetic efficacy and safety of prophylactic metoclopramide for elective cesarean delivery during spinal anesthesia.
The efficacy and safety of intravenous metoclopramide administered prophylactically before elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia was studied. ⋯ Metoclopramide administered before induction of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery appears to significantly reduce both pre- and postdelivery emetic symptoms without apparent adverse effects on mother or neonate.
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Regional anesthesia · May 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAdding clonidine to mepivacaine prolongs the duration of anesthesia and analgesia after axillary brachial plexus block.
This study evaluates the effects of clonidine added to mepivacaine on the duration of anesthesia and analgesia after axillary brachial plexus block. ⋯ One hundred fifty micrograms clonidine added to mepivacaine for brachial plexus block prolongs the duration of anesthesia and analgesia. Our results suggest that this effect of clonidine is local rather than systemic.