Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPostoperative analgesic efficacy of different volumes and masses of ropivacaine in posterior brachial plexus block.
The efficacy of posterior brachial plexus block for shoulder surgeries is demonstrated by different authors. However, there is no consensus on the ideal mass and volume of local anesthetic to be employed. The objetive of this study was to compare different volumes and masses of ropivacaine in posterior brachial plexus block in arthroscopic surgeries of the shoulder. ⋯ This study concluded that 5 mL of 1% ropivacaine promoted analgesic efficacy similar to 10 mL or 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine in the posterior brachial plexus block using neurostimulator.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jan 2012
Case ReportsAcute respiratory failure during pediatric anesthesia: atelectasis and hypertensive pneumothorax: case report.
The main anesthesiologist's task is to ensure appropriate oxygenation of patient. The objective of this report is to describe both diagnosis and behavior in case of acute respiratory failure during anesthesia, with educational purposes. ⋯ The anesthesiologist's attention to early diagnosis of respiratory complications and knowledge of priority measures in each moment may prevent serious adverse effects.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jan 2012
ReviewDexmedetomidine: current role in anesthesia and intensive care.
To update and review the application of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia and intensive care. This study is a comprehensive review of clinical uses, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine offers a unique ability of providing both sedation and analgesia without respiratory depression. It is a new agent with a wide safety margin, excellent sedative capacity and moderate analgesic properties. Although its wide use is currently in patients of surgical and non-surgical intensive care units, dexmedetomidine seems to have promising future applications in neuroprotection, cardioprotection and renoprotection. More detailed studies are required to define its role as sedative in critical, neurosurgical and pediatric patients, as anesthesia adjunct and sedative during procedures.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jan 2012
The perioperative effect of increased body mass index on peripheral nerve blockade: an analysis of 528 ultrasound guided interscalene blocks.
Obese patients can pose a unique perioperative anesthetic challenge, making regional anesthetic techniques an intriguing means of providing analgesia for this population. Ultrasound guidance has been touted recently as being beneficial for this population in which surface landmarks can become obscured. In this study, the effect of increased Body Mass Index (BMI) on ultrasound guided interscalene peripheral nerve blockade is investigated. ⋯ Ultrasound guided interscalene nerve blocks for perioperative analgesia can be safely and effectively performed in the obese patient but they may be more difficult to perform and analgesia may not be as complete.