The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
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An adequate nutritional status is crucial for optimum function of cells and organs, and for wound healing. Options for artificial nutrition have greatly expanded in the past few decades, but have concomitantly shown limitations and potential side-effects. Few rigorous randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated enteral or parenteral nutritional support, and evidence-based clinical guidance is largely restricted to the first week of critical illness. ⋯ Trials assessing feeding interventions that continue after the first week of critical illness and into the post-ICU and post-hospital settings are clearly needed. Although acute morbidity and mortality will remain important safety parameters in such trials, primary outcomes should perhaps, in view of the adjunctive nature of nutritional intervention in critical illness, be focused on physical function and assessed months or even years after patients are discharged from the ICU. This Series paper is based on results of high-quality RCTs and provides new perspectives on nutritional support during critical illness and recovery.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Jun 2015
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyThe sex-specific association between BMI and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 95 cohorts with 1·2 million participants.
The risk of developing coronary heart disease differs by sex, and accumulating evidence suggests that sex differences exist in the effect of coronary risk factors on vascular risk. So far, the existence of a sex difference in the association between BMI and coronary heart disease has not been systematically studied. Since sexual dimorphisms in body composition exist, we postulated that the association between BMI and coronary heart disease would differ between women and men. ⋯ None.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Jun 2015
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyThe sex-specific association between BMI and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 95 cohorts with 1·2 million participants.
The risk of developing coronary heart disease differs by sex, and accumulating evidence suggests that sex differences exist in the effect of coronary risk factors on vascular risk. So far, the existence of a sex difference in the association between BMI and coronary heart disease has not been systematically studied. Since sexual dimorphisms in body composition exist, we postulated that the association between BMI and coronary heart disease would differ between women and men. ⋯ None.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Apr 2015
Review Meta AnalysisEffects of RAS inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Results of several studies have shown a possible beneficial effect of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy, but the findings were contradictory. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of RAS inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy. ⋯ In patients with diabetes, RAS inhibitors reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy, and increase the possibility of diabetic retinopathy regression. ACE inhibitors might be better than ARBs for treating diabetic retinopathy, and might exert the most beneficial effect on diabetic retinopathy of all widely used antihypertensive drug classes.
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · Apr 2015
Review Meta AnalysisEffects of RAS inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Results of several studies have shown a possible beneficial effect of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy, but the findings were contradictory. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of RAS inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy. ⋯ In patients with diabetes, RAS inhibitors reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy, and increase the possibility of diabetic retinopathy regression. ACE inhibitors might be better than ARBs for treating diabetic retinopathy, and might exert the most beneficial effect on diabetic retinopathy of all widely used antihypertensive drug classes.