The Journal of extra-corporeal technology
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J Extra Corpor Technol · Dec 2014
Use of del Nido Cardioplegia for Adult Cardiac Surgery at the Cleveland Clinic: Perfusion Implications.
Cardiac arrest by cardioplegia provides a reproducible and safe method to induce and maintain electromechanical cardiac quiescence. Techniques of intraoperative myocardial protection are constantly evolving. For the past three decades, modified Buckberg cardioplegia solution has been used for adult cardiac surgery at the Cleveland Clinic. ⋯ Single-dose, cold blood del Nido cardioplegia can be delivered antegrade if the duration of the operation will be limited and if there is no significant coronary artery disease or aortic insufficiency that would limit the distribution of cardioplegia. The addition of del Nido cardioplegia to our cardioplegia armamentarium allows us to customize our myocardial protection strategies for different surgical needs. This article aims to provide information on technical aspects of del Nido cardioplegia in adult cardiac surgery and its use at the Cleveland Clinic in the adult surgical population.
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J Extra Corpor Technol · Dec 2014
Interdisciplinary Simulation Using the Cardiopulmonary Bypass Simulator (CPBS)?
Interdisciplinary education offerings between students of cardiovascular science and nurse anesthesia are uncommon despite the collaborative nature of these disciplines. The dual purpose of this article is to describe a method for interdisciplinary simulation and to report survey responses provided by participants. ⋯ Statistically significant differences between baseline and final survey responses were observed in the total score and within the areas of competency and perception of cooperation. Emerging simulation technologies and novel combinations of existing devices can facilitate meaningful interdisciplinary educational opportunities for health science students.
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J Extra Corpor Technol · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInfluence of Two Colloidal Extracorporeal Primes on Coagulation of Cardiac Surgical Patients: A Prospectively Randomized Open-Label Pilot Trial.
The search for the ideal priming fluid continues as more evidence is discovered about side effects of volume expanders. With the availability of modern, balanced hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions with less side effects than former HES solutions, we considered to replace our gelatin- (modified gelatin) based extracorporeal circuit prime for a HES (130/.42) prime. Therefore, we studied the influence of two colloidal priming fluids on postoperative coagulation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ We found no significant difference in colloid. osmotic pressure between the groups. In this trial, HES (130/.42) impairs coagulation significantly more compared with gelatin. These differences in influence on coagulation did not lead to a difference in blood loss or fluid balance, so clinical relevance could not be proven.
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J Extra Corpor Technol · Sep 2014
Effect of New Heparin Potency on Activated Clotting Time during Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Chart Review.
In 2009, the U. S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a two-phase change in unfractionated heparin to reduce contamination and create a new potency reference. The FDA announced the change would bring about a 10% decrease in potency from the old heparin (OH) to new heparin (NH). ⋯ Given the median ACTs 591 seconds for OH and 484 seconds for NH, the calculated percentage difference was 18.1%. The results from this retrospective pediatric chart review indicate that the change in heparin potency greatly deviates from the 10% change reported by the FDA. In conclusion, NH has a trend of lower potency and frequent monitoring is necessary to maintain a safe level of anticoagulation during CPB.
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J Extra Corpor Technol · Sep 2014
Observational StudyHemolysis-Associated Nitric Oxide Dysregulation during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Acute intravascular hemolysis during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) leads to increased levels of cell-free hemoglobin (FHb). Our aim was to investigate whether FHb levels are associated with nitric oxide (NO) consumption and clinical outcomes. A prospective observational study was performed involving pediatric patients on ECMO. ⋯ There were no significant associations identified between peak or average plasma measures of hemolysis and type of ECMO (venovenous versus venoarterial) or mortality. For children on ECMO, we observed a strong correlation between increased levels of plasma FHb and elevations in oxyhemoglobin and NO consumption; however, these changes were not associated with increased mortality. Increased hemolysis before circuit changes may be both a marker and a contributor to circuit failure.