Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Interferon alpha (IFN alpha) has been used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The initial trial was made in 1983 by Talpaz et al. ⋯ IFN alpha was related to some T cell immunity, and could be taken to be Ph1 positive cell inhibition by normal T cell. Although IFN alpha therapy has limited use with get Ph1 negative hematopoiesis, intensive treatment of this kind is needed to minimize Ph1 clone, using various therapy combination with IFN alpha.
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Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), topotecan, sobuzoxane, NC-190, and IST-622 are unique topoisomerase inhibitors and are investigational in Japan. CPT-11 is a water-soluble, semisynthetic derivative of camtothecin. CPT-11 shows its anticancer activity by inhibiting topoisomerase I activity, now a target of anticancer agents with major interest. ⋯ IST-622 shows excellent, broad anticancer activity against murine tumors. The drug is well absorbed from small intestine. IST-622 is now in phase I clinical trial in Japan.
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CPT-11 and Topotecan are a new semisynthetic derivative of CPT, and have been shown to inhibit DNA topoisomerase I and to have a strong antitumor activity with low toxicity against murine tumor. On the other hard, the new antitumor compounds, NC-190 and IST-622 have been shown to inhibit DNA topoisomerase II, and the clinical study are currently under progress. A phase II study of CPT-11 demonstrated that CPT-11 was a very active agent which a acceptable toxicities against patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.
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"Death Education" is at the same time "Life Education." For many years I have endeavored to create an awareness of the need for death education in Japan. In this paper I would like to stress the necessity of death education for the following three groups. 1. For medical personnel. ⋯ For the patient's family and friends. 1) Continue warm communication with the dying patient till the end. 2) Prepare for your own bereavement and grief. 3) Try to make your own grief process an opportunity for personal growth. When a cure is no longer possible for a dying patient, the focus of our endeavors should be loving care of the person. Death education can help us to provide better terminal care during the final stage of life.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Apr 1990
Review[Recent advances in rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients].
This paper describes recent advances in surgical and behavioral rehabilitation for voice, speech and swallowing disorders caused by surgeries for head and neck cancer. Voice disorders result from total laryngectomy, partial laryngectomy and vocal fold laser surgery. Voice prostheses have been recently employed as one of the choices for laryngectomized patients. ⋯ Surgical treatment and swallow therapy are employed. Surgical treatment is divided into five groups: surgery for velopharyngeal incompetence, those for glottic incompetence, laryngeal suspension surgery, narrowing surgery of the pharynx and cricopharyngeal myotomy. Some cases are described for each treatment modality.