Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
A target control Infusion method for neuromuscular blockade based on hybrid parameter estimation.
The paper presents a new method for target control infusion (TCI) for neuromuscular blockade (NMB) level control of patients subject to general anaesthesia. The method combines an inversion of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model with a hybrid parameter estimation method that uses on-line data from the initial bolus response to estimate the model parameters. Although atracurium is considered as relaxant, the newly proposed method may be applied to other drugs for which the PK/PD model is available. Simulation results on a bank of 100 patient models are presented to demonstrate the achievable performance.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
A new approach to reconstruction of central aortic blood pressure using 'adaptive' transfer function.
This paper presents a new system identification approach to the reconstruction of central aortic blood pressure signal by exploiting a non-invasive peripheral blood pressure measurement. This technique, which is called the 'adaptive' transfer function, is able to reconstruct the aortic blood pressure signal by characterizing the aortic-to-peripheral cardiovascular dynamics solely based on the peripheral measurement. In contrast to the previous related efforts, it does not require any a priori knowledge on the empirical and/or population-based relationship, e.g. the predetermined or generalized transfer function, as well as multiple peripheral measurements. The initial proof-of-principle on the efficacy of the adaptive transfer function is demonstrated by the experimental results from human and animal subjects.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Autonomic nervous system response to vibrating and electrical stimuli on the forearm and wrist.
In today's operating rooms, anesthesiologists use physiological data monitoring systems with visual and auditory cues to receive patient information. The efficacy of these visual-audio systems is limited by the human limitations of these modalities. Previous studies have shown the potential use of a complementary, or alternate, patient data monitoring technology utilizing another psychophysically relevant modality: the sense of touch via vibro-tactile or electro-tactile stimulation. ⋯ Using the LifeShirt, system, electrocardiogram (ECG), respiratory rate (Br), tidal volume (Vt) data were collected. Results showed a higher value of the heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) when using the VF compared to the VW and EF. We also found that the HRV response for the three tactile prototypes was correlated with the accuracy of tactile pattern identification.
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Listening and interpreting lung sounds by a stethoscope had been an important component of screening and diagnosing lung diseases. However this practice has always been vulnerable to poor audibility, inter-observer variations (between different physicians) and poor reproducibility. ⋯ The proposed algorithm integrates and analyses the set of parameters based on ATS (American Thoracic Society) definition of wheezes. It is very robust, computationally simple and yielded sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 86%.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Asymmetry in lung sound intensities detected by respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI) and clinical pulmonary auscultation.
RATHI was introduced as an attempt to further improve the association between anatomical zones and specific breathing activity, both spatially and temporally. This work compares RATHI with clinical pulmonary auscultation (PA) to assess the concordance between both procedures to detect asymmetries in lung sound (LS) intensities. Twelve healthy young males participated in the study and were auscultated by two experts. ⋯ By RATHI, most of the subjects showed asymmetries between apical and basal regions higher than 20%, whereas between left and right hemithorax asymmetries higher than 20% occurred only half of the time. RATHI and PA agreed 83 to 100% when apical to base acoustical information was compared, but when left to right asymmetries were considered these figures were about 40 to 50%. We concluded that RATHI has advantages as it gave more detailed and measurable information on LS than clinicians, who could not detect intensity asymmetries mainly below 20%.