The Journal of nutrition
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The Journal of nutrition · Oct 2018
Daily Maternal Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplementation with 20 mg Iron, Compared with Iron and Folic Acid with 60 mg Iron, Resulted in Lower Iron Status in Late Pregnancy but Not at 6 Months Postpartum in Either the Mothers or Their Infants in Bangladesh.
Maternal anemia and iron deficiency are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. ⋯ Provision of LNS-PL including a lower dose of iron than what is recommended during pregnancy resulted in differences in maternal iron status in late pregnancy that disappeared by 6 mo postpartum, and caused no undesirable effects regarding anemia or iron status of infants. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01715038.
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The Journal of nutrition · Aug 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialHigher Plasma Selenium Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Odds of Prevalent Type 2 Diabetes.
Selenium, an essential trace element, has been investigated as a potential cancer prevention agent. However, several studies have indicated that selenium supplementation may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), although an equivocal relation of this nature requires confirmation. ⋯ These findings show that higher plasma concentrations of selenium were significantly associated with prevalent T2D among participants in a selenium supplementation trial. Future work is needed to elucidate whether there are individual characteristics, such as blood concentrations of other antioxidants, which may influence this relation.
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The Journal of nutrition · Jul 2018
Multicenter StudySerum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations Are Associated with Computed Tomography Markers of Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease among Community-Dwelling Adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Activated vitamin D has anti-inflammatory properties. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency might contribute to subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD). ⋯ Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with subclinical ILD and its progression, based on both increased HAAs and ILAs, in a community-based population. Further studies are needed to examine whether vitamin D repletion can prevent ILD or slow its progression. The MESA cohort design is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
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The Journal of nutrition · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialPrenatal and Postnatal Supplementation with Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements Reduces Anemia and Iron Deficiency in 18-Month-Old Bangladeshi Children: A Cluster-Randomized Effectiveness Trial.
Anemia, iron deficiency (ID), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among young children are public health concerns in developing countries. ⋯ Home fortification using LNSs or MNP reduced IDA in 18-mo-old Bangladeshi children. The provision of LNSs in both pregnancy and childhood also reduced child anemia and ID. These findings are relevant to programs targeting similar populations. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01715038.
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The Journal of nutrition · Mar 2018
Meta Analysisn-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Mothers, Preterm Infants, and Term Infants and Childhood Psychomotor and Visual Development: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Epidemiologic studies link maternal seafood and n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption with improved childhood cognitive development; trials show mixed results. ⋯ n-3 PUFA supplementation improves childhood psychomotor and visual development, without significant effects on global IQ later in childhood, although the latter conclusion is based on fewer studies.