Medicinski pregled
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Having in mind the rate of occurrence and clinical importance, venous thromboembolism implies venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism as a result of embolisation of the thrombotic particles from deep veins or pelvic veins. Venous thrombosis of the deep veins may result in chronic vein insufficiency, but the primary medical problem is the possibility of development of pulmonary embolism which may cause permanent respiratory function damage or even fatal outcome. ⋯ Venous thromboembolism prevention in stroke patients is necessary because of a greater risk for venous thromboembolism in these patients according to the nature of illness and functional disability, but also a problem because of limited possibility to recommend the proper medicament according to the risk of serious complications. The necessity of preventing venous thromboembolism and estimation of effectivity-risk ratio in stroke patients, beside plenty of studies and consensus conferences, remain individual and often very difficult.
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Chest sonography was used until recently mainly for diagnosis of pleural diseases. High resolution ultrasound machines enable ultrasound application not only in pleural diseases detection, but in diagnosing peripheral lung and mediastinal lesions. Ultrasonography can define the origin and structure of the lesion of thoracic wall, pleural and peripheral lung lesions and mediastinal lesions. ⋯ Ultrasonography is a very useful second line method in diagnosis of chest disease. The advantages of this method include bed, side availability, absence of radiation, and guided aspiration of fluid-filled areas and solid tumors.
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Review
[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: report of the first case series in Serbia and review of the literature].
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a relatively novel cardiac syndrome that is characterized by transient left ventricular asynergy involving apical and mid-ventricular segments. ⋯ Complete recovery usually occurs after dramatic presentation, frequently complicated with acute heart failure. Therapy is empiric and directed towards supportive measures against cardiogenic shock, acute heart failure, dysrhythmias. In-hospital mortality rate is less than 1%, but long-term prognosis is still unknown. In addition to the review of the literature on takotsubo cardiomyopathy, we present the first series of patients with this syndrome detected in Clinical Hospital Center Zemun.
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VIRUS: West Nile virus is a single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. ⋯ The most important measures are mosquito control program and personal protective measures.
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THE DIAGNOSIS OF DEPRESSION: Depressive disorder is nowadays diagnosed by the two widely used diagnostic systems--International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organisation, 10th revision and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Criteria of the American Psychiatric Organisation, 4th edition. The criteria for depressive disorder used in these two systems are almost identical. ⋯ It appears that no new diagnostic tools specific for major depression in stroke patients are necessary. The existing diagnostic procedures will fail to diagnose or misdiagnose depression only in few stroke patients.