Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · May 2020
Grip Strength and Walking Pace and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in 406,834 UK Biobank Participants.
To investigate whether the addition of grip strength and/or self-reported walking pace to established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores improves their predictive abilities. ⋯ The present study has found that the addition of grip strength or usual walking pace to existing risk scores results in improved CVD risk prediction, with an additive effect when both are added. As both these measures are cheap and easy to administer, these tools could provide an important addition to CVD risk screening, although further external validation is required.
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Infective endocarditis (IE), initially described more than 350 years ago, involves infection of the endocardial surface of the heart. The clinical manifestations of IE can involve every organ system, and the cardiac manifestations can include valvular vegetation, abscess, periannular extension of infection, and myopericarditis. Echocardiography is crucial in the diagnosis of IE, but alternative imaging modalities are playing an increasing role in the diagnosis and management of IE. ⋯ We performed a literature search of the PubMed database from January 1st, 2000, to September 30th, 2019, using the terms infective endocarditis, diagnosis, and management to find the most pertinent and highest-quality evidence. This review summarizes key aspects of IE, with a focus on emerging advances in diagnosis. We also highlight growing patient populations at risk for IE, including patients with intracardiac devices and congenital heart disease.
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Primary care physicians are at the forefront of patient care and often are the first clinicians to triage and diagnose any eye-related complaints. They must be able to quickly identify vision-threatening pathologies, as delay in treatment of an ocular emergency can result in permanent vision loss. This concise review describes the definition, presentation, examination, and management of various ophthalmic emergencies including blunt ocular trauma, chemical ocular injury, orbital cellulitis, endophthalmitis, acute angle closure glaucoma, optic neuritis, giant cell arteritis, central retinal artery occlusion, retinal detachment, and homonymous hemianopia in a succinct manner.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · May 2020
Comparative StudyEffectiveness and Safety of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus.
To address gaps in the data comparing non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin among patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and diabetes. ⋯ This study-the largest observational study to date of patients with NVAF and diabetes taking anticoagulants-found that NOACs were associated with variable rates of stroke/SE and MB compared with warfarin.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · May 2020
Prognostic Relevance of Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Assessed by Submaximal Exercise Testing for All-Cause Mortality: A UK Biobank Prospective Study.
To investigate whether the inverse associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population vary among individuals who are at different levels of pretest risk. ⋯ Cardiorespiratory fitness, assessed by submaximal exercise testing, improves mortality risk prediction beyond conventional risk factors and its prognostic relevance varies across cardiovascular risk levels.