Mayo Clinic proceedings
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2021
ReviewDetecting the Dark Matter of Unpublished Clinical Cancer Studies: An Analysis of Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trials.
Unpublished randomized controlled trial (RCT) frequency, correlates, and financial impact are not well understood. We sought to characterize the nonpublication of peer-reviewed manuscripts among interventional, therapeutic, multi-arm, phase 3 oncology RCTs. Trials were identified by searching ClinicalTrials.gov, while publications and abstracts were identified through PubMed and Google Scholar. ⋯ Direct contact with sponsors/investigators led to a 50.0% response rate (n=23 of 46); manuscript in preparation and/or in submission (n=10 of 23) was the most commonly cited reason for nonpublication. In conclusion, approximately 1 in 15 clinical oncology RCTs are unpublished and this has a profound impact on the research enterprise. The cooperative group infrastructure may serve as a blueprint to reduce nonpublication.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2021
ReviewCOVID-19: Understanding Inter-Individual Variability and Implications for Precision Medicine.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by heterogeneity in susceptibility to the disease and severity of illness. Understanding inter-individual variation has important implications for not only allocation of resources but also targeting patients for escalation of care, inclusion in clinical trials, and individualized medical therapy including vaccination. In addition to geographic location and social vulnerability, there are clear biological differences such as age, sex, race, presence of comorbidities, underlying genetic variation, and differential immune response that contribute to variability in disease manifestation. ⋯ Enrollment of patients at low risk for progression of disease and hospitalization would likely not result in such therapy demonstrating efficacy. There are efforts to use artificial intelligence to integrate digital data from smartwatch applications or digital monitoring systems and biological data to enable identification of the high risk COVID-19 patient. The ultimate goal of precision medicine using such modern technology is to recognize individual differences to improve health for all.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2021
ReviewThe Pursuit of Training Meritorious Learners of Diverse Backgrounds: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science.
The doors of the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (MCCMS) are open to all meritorious learners, including learners who come from communities that have endured longstanding and profound health and economic disparities. In our contemporary world, upward mobility in socioeconomic status is often a function of successful attainment of higher education. ⋯ In this article, our earlier experiences are analyzed with the goal of offering insights into novel approaches to train meritorious learners from all sociodemographic groups, including those who come from underserved communities. In addition, we highlight an apolitical and academically rigorous social cognition model that informs the contemporary academic agenda of diversity and inclusion, and we trace its root to the work of the founding father of experimental social psychology.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2021
Associations Between Experience of Early Childhood Trauma and Impact on Obesity Status, Health, as Well as Perceptions of Obesity-Related Health Care.
To evaluate the association between obesity and history of childhood trauma in an effort to define implications for the provider-patient relationship and possible causes of failure of obesity treatment. ⋯ Overall, being a victim of childhood abuse was significantly associated with obesity, lower self-esteem and negative experiences interacting with health care providers. Health care providers should receive training to ensure open and nonjudgmental visits with obese patients and consider the role of trauma survivorship issues in patients' development of obesity and health care experiences.
-
Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2021
Host Factors and Outcomes in Hospitalizations for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in the United States.
To assess host factors in pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)-related hospitalizations and compare outcomes between HIV and non-HIV patients. ⋯ The epidemiology of PCP has shifted with an increase in the prevalence of non-HIV patients who have higher intubation rates and prolonged hospitalizations compared with matched HIV patients.