Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jan 2022
ReviewA Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Small Bowel Bleeding.
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common clinical problem encountered in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Although the evaluation of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding is often straightforward, bleeding from the small bowel may pose a clinical challenge. In this article, we review the indications, modalities, and differential diagnoses of small bowel bleeding. On completion of the article, clinicians should be able to identify common causes of small bowel bleeding, understand the advantages and disadvantages of the modalities used to evaluate small bowel bleeding, and enact a stepwise management approach to the patient with presumed small bowel bleeding.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jan 2022
Osteoporosis and Its Association With Cardiovascular Disease, Respiratory Disease, and Cancer: Findings From the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.
To investigate sex-specific associations of osteoporosis with incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and cancer as well as with all-cause mortality. ⋯ Compared with women, men with osteoporosis had a higher risk of all-cause mortality, mortality from respiratory diseases including COPD, and cancer incidence. Osteoporosis was strongly associated with respiratory disease and COPD in both sexes, even after full adjustment for covariates, although men with osteoporosis experienced a higher risk of adverse outcomes.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jan 2022
Association of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors With Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Beliefs Among a Community-Based Sample of African American Adults in Minnesota.
To assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors and their association with sociodemographic characteristics and health beliefs among African American (AA) adults in Minnesota. ⋯ In this community sample of AAs in Minnesota, CVD risk factors were high, as was trust in health care providers. Those with greater CVD risk perceptions had higher CVD prevalence. Consideration of sociodemographic and psychosocial influences on CVD and CVD risk factors could inform development of effective cardiovascular health promotion interventions in the AA Minnesota community.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jan 2022
Adherence to a Healthy Sleep Pattern and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: The UK Biobank Study.
To examine the association of a healthy sleep pattern, characterized by sleep of 7 to 8 h/d, morning person, no insomnia, no frequent snoring, and no daytime sleepiness, with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). ⋯ Our data suggest that adherence to an overall healthy sleep pattern is associated with a lower risk of CKD, especially for individuals without history of hypertension and those who are younger.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jan 2022
Coffee Intake of Colorectal Cancer Patients and Prognosis According to Histopathologic Lymphocytic Reaction and T-Cell Infiltrates.
Given previous biologic evidence of immunomodulatory effects of coffee, we hypothesized that the association between coffee intake of colorectal cancer patients and survival differs by immune responses. Using a molecular pathologic epidemiology database of 4465 incident colorectal cancer cases, including 1262 cases with molecular data, in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we examined the association between coffee intake of colorectal cancer patients and survival in strata of levels of histopathologic lymphocytic reaction and T-cell infiltrates in tumor tissue. We did not observe a significant association of coffee intake with colorectal cancer-specific mortality (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for 1-cup increase of coffee intake per day, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.03). ⋯ Coffee intake was associated with lower colorectal cancer-specific mortality in patients with high Crohn disease-like reaction (multivariable HR for 1-cup increase of coffee intake per day, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.81; Ptrend=.002) but not in patients with intermediate Crohn disease-like reaction (the corresponding HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.44) or negative/low Crohn disease-like reaction (the corresponding HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07). The associations of coffee intake with colorectal cancer-specific mortality did not significantly differ by levels of other lymphocytic reaction or any T-cell subset (Pinteraction>.18). There is suggestive evidence for differential prognostic effects of coffee intake by Crohn disease-like lymphoid reaction in colorectal cancer.