Mayo Clinic proceedings
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To evaluate how breast cancers come to clinical attention (mode of detection [MOD]) in a population-based cohort, determine the relative frequency of different MODs, and characterize patient and tumor characteristics associated with MOD. ⋯ One-third of all breast cancers in this population were detected by MODs other than screening mammography. Increased likelihood of nonmammographic MODs was observed among women with dense breasts and advanced cancer.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2023
Association Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Incident Purchase of Hypnotic Drugs in Adults: The HUNT Study.
To assess whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with first purchase of a prescribed hypnotic drug in the adult population. ⋯ Cardiorespiratory fitness in adulthood is associated with incident purchase of prescription medication commonly used for sleep problems. These findings suggest that fitness should be considered a target for preventing sleep problems in adults.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2023
Population-Based Evaluation of Total Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid.
To present a normal range of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels in a community-based population and to evaluate factors that contribute to CSF protein level variability. ⋯ This large population-based study showed that CSF protein level can vary significantly among individuals. Elevated CSF protein level was independently associated with older age, male sex, and diabetes and is higher than listed in many laboratories. These findings emphasize the necessity of evidence-based reevaluation and standardization of CSF protein metrics.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2023
ReviewReducing the Risk of Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Pharmacotherapy: A Narrative Review.
In 2020, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the fifth leading cause of death in the United States excluding COVID-19, and its mortality burden has been rising since the 1980s. Smoking cessation, long-term oxygen therapy, noninvasive ventilation, and lung volume reduction surgery have had a beneficial effect on mortality; however, until recently, the effects of pharmacologic therapies on all-cause mortality have been unclear. Inhaled pharmacologic treatments for patients with COPD include combinations of long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs), long-acting-β2-agonists (LABAs), and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). ⋯ In conclusion, triple therapy reduces the risk of mortality in patients with symptomatic COPD characterized by moderate or severe airflow obstruction and a recent history of moderate or severe exacerbations. This benefit is likely to be driven by reductions in exacerbations. Future research efforts should focus on improving the long-term prognosis of patients living with COPD.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Feb 2023
Pre-admission and In-Hospital Statin Use is Associated With Reduced Short Term Mortality in Infective Endocarditis.
To investigate for potential protective effects of statin use among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) with consideration for underlying diseases and bacterial culture - variables which have prognostic implications and show considerable geographic variation yet are unappreciated in previous pharmacoepidemiological studies. ⋯ In patients with IE, pre-admission and in-hospital use of statin, when compared with statin nonusers and discontinued users, respectively, were associated with a lower risk of 1-year mortality.