Epidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceské lékarské spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne
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Babesiosis is an emerging tick borne zoonotic disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia. Babesiosis is one of the most common infections of free-living animals worldwide but is perhaps most prevalent in rodents, carnivores, and cattle. This fact increases the concern about the emerging zoonosis. ⋯ The treatment of choice is clindamycin and quinine. The laboratory diagnosis is based on direct detection of the parasite from blood smears. Due to increasing international travel, even relatively uncommon parasitic infections can be found in the Czech Republic and babesiosis is just one of them.
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Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol · Aug 2005
[Simultaneous vaccination against influenza and invasive pneumococcal disease in chronic dialysis patients].
To evaluate the antibody response to simultaneous vaccination against influeza and pneumococcal disease in chronic dialysis patients. ⋯ The antibody response to influenza vaccine was negatively influenced by immunodeficiency due to underlying diseases in dialysis patients. Although poorer results were achieved in patients vaccinated with influenza vaccine alone compared to those vaccinated with the two vaccines, the difference was not significant. An adjuvant influenza vaccine is expected to be more promising.
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Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol · Apr 2005
[Immunological monitoring of sepsis using flow cytometry--quantitation of monocyte HLA-DR expression and granulocyte CD64 expression].
Sepsis is a serious disease with a high case fatality rate. A variety of changes in the host immune responsiveness are observed in the pathogenesis of sepsis, ranging from detrimental hyperinflammation to profound immunoparalysis, i.e. acquired immunodeficiency. The level of monocyte HLA-DR expression reflects the functional status of monocytes as antigen-presenting cells and granulocyte CD64 expression is also indicative of infectious inflammation. ⋯ Quantitative monocyte HLA-DR expression and granulocyte CD64 expression are useful indicators in septic patients when considered along with the panel of other markers, monitored over a period of time and in the context of the clinical course of sepsis.
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One of the most fatal diseases encountered by mankind so far is Ebola fever. Ebola fever is caused by a highly pathogenic virus from the Filoviridae family which is found in nature in four different sub-types which differ among others also by their pathogenicity for man. The hitherto detected EBO sub-types are stable do not change in the course of an epidemic nor in the course of the patient's illness, nor during passage of the virus from one subject to another. ⋯ The author discusses also principles of epidemiological work, detection and isolation of sources, identification and follow up of contacts and epidemiological supervision of affected areas. Past epidemics made it possible to assemble many scientific findings and practical experience. These make it possible to cope nowadays with any attack of the Ebola virus not only in areas of its epizootic occurrence.