Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk
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The review is devoted to a relatively young direction in therapy of malignant gliomas, which is based on applying monoclonal antibodies against tumour-associated antigens. The current data on efficacy of main therapeutic agents in clinical practice or clinical trials concerning high-grade gliomas, especially glioblastoma multiforme, is summarized. Of particular interest is bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), which is widely used in glioblastoma. ⋯ Significant part of the review is devoted to discussion of experimental and clinical data concerning efficacy of antibodies against VEGF receptor 2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α, hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor c-Met. Unbiassed analysis of clinical trials on monoclonal antibodies does not allow us to conclude that passive immunotherapy directed against antigens listed above can significantly improve the overall survival of patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme. This finding has encouraged us to mention several alternative approaches to passive immunotherapy and to list several prospective antigens for developing monoclonal antibodies.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2014
[The problems of expertise of biomedical projects and assigning them status of breakthrough and world-class].
There was a sharp increase in the number of scientific fields, research fronts, publications and patents in biomedicine in the last five years, which complicates the work of the experts on the selection of projects for priority funding. The approaches to the identification of perspective directions of research used in the world were examined. An attempt was made of formalization of the concepts of "breakthrough research" and "world level research" in relation to the Russian biomedical projects. The rationale for information support of expert decision-making about the prospects of development of individual areas of research in biomedicine is outlined.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2013
Review[Adaptive phenomenon of ischemic postconditioning of the heart. Perspectives of clinical use].
Analysis of experimental data indicates that aging, metabolic syndrome may be serious obstacle against realization of cardioprotective effect of postconditioning. The moderate hypercholesterolemia, postinfarction cardiosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy do not abolish protective effect of postconditioning in experimental animals. The issue whether diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension affect an efficacy of postconditioning is a subject of discussion. ⋯ At the same time, it is remained unclear when after coronary artery occlusion postconditioning exhibits cardioprotective effect. It is remained unknown how do affect aging, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension, myocardial hypertrophy, cardiac postinfarction remodeling and efficacy postconditioning in clinical praxis. It is required a further clinical investigations turning the development pharmacological approaches to prophylaxis of reperfusion injury of the heart.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2013
Comparative Study[Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm infants: characteristics of the course, treatment and prevention in clinical practice].
To study the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of the course of nosocomial bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) etiology and effectiveness of the therapy in preterm infants in the neonatal hospital conditions. ⋯ The preventive measures are needed to prevent the extention of RSV in neonatal hospitals, including specific immune prophylaxis of RSV infection in children at risk.
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In this review we provide the definition, goals and objectives of neurocritical care, evaluation of brief history of its development. Mechanical ventilation, intracranial hypertension, neuromonitoring as underlying basics of neurocritical care approaches are discussed. ⋯ Research data of multiple organ disfunction syndrome in severe stroke are described. Further development of neurocritical care is being discussed.