Journal of medical case reports
-
Review Case Reports
Dissection of the internal carotid artery and stroke after mandibular fractures: a case report and review of the literature.
We present a report of a patient with blunt trauma and mandibular fractures who developed a significant cerebral infarction due to an initially unrecognized injury of her left internal carotid artery. We believe that increased knowledge of this association will facilitate early recognition and hence prevention of a devastating outcome. ⋯ Carotid artery dissection is a rare but life-threatening condition that can develop after trauma to the head and neck. There should be a high index of suspicion in patients with a mechanism of injury that places the internal carotid artery at risk because blunt vascular injury may show delayed onset with no initial symptoms of vascular damage. By implementing an algorithm for early detection and treatment of these injuries, serious brain damage may be avoided.
-
Review Case Reports
Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms: two case reports and a review of the literature.
Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms are relatively rare but have a high mortality rate in case of rupture. Their detection in the last decades is rising due to an increased use of computed tomography and angiography. However, due to the nonspecific nature of the clinical symptoms and signs, diagnosis is often delayed or missed. We describe two cases of patients presenting with nonspecific abdominal complaints and anemia leading to a diagnosis of visceral pseudoaneurysm. Both cases are successfully treated with a different endovascular intervention. ⋯ We report two cases of visceral pseudoaneurysms and review the literature concerning etiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with nonspecific abdominal symptoms. Diagnosis is often made with computed tomography or computed tomography angiography but digital angiography remains the gold standard. Treatment options include surgical, endovascular or percutaneous interventions. The choice of treatment is case specific.
-
Review Case Reports
Frosted branch angiitis and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis as an initial onset of neuro-Behçet's disease: a case report and review of the literature.
Frosted branch angiitis is a rare, severe condition. It can be either a primary or a secondary condition and is characterized by rapid deterioration of vision and fulminant retinal vasculitis that manifests as diffuse sheathing of retinal vessels, macular edema, papillitis, vitritis and anterior uveitis. We aimed to describe a case of frosted branch angiitis and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis as an initial neuro-Behçet's disease onset. Diagnosis of Behçet's disease was based on the current 2014 International Criteria for Behçet's Disease and the International consensus recommendation criteria for neuro-Behçet's disease. In addition, a literature review using search parameters of "frosted branch angiitis", "Behçet" and "neuro-Behçet" in the PubMed database is presented. ⋯ Frosted branch angiitis may be associated with infectious, noninfectious, or idiopathic causes. An extensive workup should be done to exclude systemic vasculitis such as Behçet's disease. Treatment with systemic steroids must be promptly initiated in association with specific treatment aimed at inflammation control and blindness risk reduction.
-
Review Case Reports
Pre-existing chronic interstitial pneumonia is a poor prognostic factor of Goodpasture's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.
Goodpasture's syndrome is a rare disease that is characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. ⋯ We report a case of Goodpasture's syndrome complicated with pre-existing chronic interstitial pneumonia and positive myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. We reviewed six similar cases reported in the literature and concluded that Goodpasture's syndrome with pre-existing interstitial pneumonia and myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody is related to a poor prognosis.
-
Review Case Reports
Motorbike-handlebar hernia - a rare traumatic abdominal wall hernia: a case report and review of the literature.
Handlebar hernias are very rare and arise following a sudden force from a handle-like object impacting a focal area of the abdomen, which results in a disruption of the underlying abdominal muscle and fascia without necessarily disrupting the overlying skin. Other than a reducible swelling on the abdominal wall, the physical examination of such patients is usually unremarkable and the diagnosis could easily be missed. ⋯ Handlebar hernias, although rare, should be suspected when patients present with an abdominal swelling following blunt abdominal trauma involving a handlebar-like object. A good history and physical examination are usually enough to pose an early diagnosis of handlebar hernia. Management typically involves surgical intervention to prevent complications. The timing and surgical approach should be decided on a case-by-case basis.