Zentralblatt für Chirurgie
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Comparative Study
[Acute appendicitis - clinical health-service research on the current surgical therapy].
With about 135,000 operations every year appendectomy is one of the most frequent surgical operations in Germany. Acute appendicitis has shown changes in diagnosis and therapy with time. The status of the laparoscopic appendectomy has had to be redefined recently. The aim of this study was to make an analysis of the current surgical therapy for appendicitis and the individual procedures. ⋯ The laparoscopic appendectomy is the most common method of current operative therapy. In comparison to former publications, there is no proof of any disadvantages of laparoscopic appendectomy.
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Iatrogenic colon perforation is a rare but life-threatening complication of colonscopy. As in other diseases, laparoscopic treatment has increasingly been propagated for the treatment of colonic disorders in the last years. The aim of this comparative study was to answer the question of whether laparoscopic surgical treatment may serve as a suitable treatment for the acute colon perforation comparable to open surgery. ⋯ An iatrogenic colon perforation mostly leeds to the immediate indication for a surgical treatment. The morbidity and mortality is -primarily determined through the appearance of postoperative complications due to delays in diagnostics and treatment. In this study the feasibility of a laparoscopic treatment could be shown. The laparoscopy with its minimal access trauma offers an enlargement of the diagnostics as well as a safe treatment of the perforation in most patients. However, the laparoscopic treatment especially in emergancy situations requires -advanced experience of the surgeon and always needs a critical benefit-risk consideration in the individual situation.
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The acute inflammatory response as a physiological programme that protects the organism against injurious pathogens is characterised by highly regulated actions of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Intensive investigations during the last decades have led to the identification of these mediators and their complex interplay as well as the design and development of anti-inflammatory therapies. However, the resolution of acute inflammation has long been considered to be a passive process. ⋯ SPM possess both anti-inflammatory and proresolving activities in that they inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, limit infiltration of neutrophils, enhance macrophage uptake, and finally stimulate their non-phlogistic activation and clearance of apoptotic neutrophils and microbial particles. It has been demonstrated in multiple animal models of human inflammatory diseases that, e.g., atherosclerosis, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases are caused by a decreased synthesis and/or an impaired signal transduction of the proresolving mediators. Future studies are warranted to clarify whether these proresolving lipid mediators will participate in healing human inflammatory diseases and their complications.
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Thorax injuries are to be found in approximately 78 % amongst all victims of accidents. Moreover they implicate an increase in mortality rate. Consequently an adequate contemporary treatment has to begin preclinically, even if the conditions are less comfortable than in a clinical setting. Emergency doctors need to be familiar with the placement of chest tubes. ⋯ The study collective showed a significant preference to the lateral approach when placing a chest tube at the emergency scene of an accident. In total a prevalence of 19 % incorrect placements could be revealed, meaning the chest tube had either been placed within the lung parenchyma, the interlobe gap or extrathoracically. Concerning the patient outcome no statistically significant difference regarding the clinical course after incorrect chest tube placement could be identified. The omission of an indicated preclinical thoracic drainge is certainly a more serious error than its incorrect placement with more serious consequences.