Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2009
Comparative Study[Monitoring of the medicodemographic situation in Moscow].
There has been recently a trend in declining mortality rates in all population groups. Higher birth rates and lower mortality have been responsible for a reduction in natural population loss in Moscow. At the same time, 14 of the 123 Moscow municipal districts show a positive natural population growth largely due to higher birth rates. Better social and economic living conditions, the effective activities of health care bodies and sanitary and epidemiological well-being services of the city have caused recent positive changes in the demographic situation.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2009
Comparative Study[Impact of chemical ambient air pollution in Moscow on its population's health].
The ambient atmosphere of Moscow is appraised as unbeneficial to the health of the population, that of children and adolescents in particular. Motor transport is a powerful source of the ambient air pollution of Moscow. The average annual level of atmospheric pollution in 2008 is considered to be moderate. Scientific-and-practical studies using the risk assessment methodology also suggest that the ambient air in Moscow is the leading habitat posing a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to Muscovites' health.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2009
Comparative Study[Non-invasive assessment used to evaluate the nasal and oral mucosal cytological status in sociohygienic monitoring].
By analyzing their own studies and the results of other studies by other investigators, the authors provide evidence that the noninvasive evaluation of the nasal and oral cytological status is one of techniques for assessing the health status and reflects the organism's state varying with environmental pollution, which enables it to be recommended for sociohygienic monitoring.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2009
[Lation in ensuring the sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being under the present conditions].
The paper describes the basic principles in and approaches to the state regulation in ensuring the sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being. The necessity of enhancing the role of state regulation in ensuring the sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being stems from the intensive development of marketing relations and the complicated realization of the state role in the protection of consumers' rights and human well-being. The investigations provide evidence for the basic tasks of the sanitary-and-epidemiological service of Moscow under the specific conditions of the megalopolis.
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The paper deals with the morbidity- and mortality-associated problem arising from the processes occurring in the transition period of development of new Russia. It points to the leading role of health care service in this process. The authors show the real health status of the working population, the actual state of affairs with the rendering primary medical care at industrial institutions. Measures are proposed to apply specific science-based health-promoting technologies adopted from Russian space medicine and called prenosological monitoring.