Gigiena i sanitariia
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Influence of a combination of environmental factors on elementary school children].
Three-year ecological, hygienic, and physiological studies of the influence of a combination of environmental factors on the functional status in 510 junior schoolchildren have established that the leading determinants of the formation of the habitat of junior schoolchildren from the educational establishments under study are the irrational organization of a learning process, poor educational conditions, sociohygienic living conditions and lifestyle in the family, the level of environmental pollution. Dispersion and factorial analyses have established that there is a relationship between the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these factors, as well as between the performance of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems and the increase in the incidence of diseases in the pupils. The findings may be used to draw up research-and-practical recommendations on the optimization of training of junior pupils on organizing gymnasium-type education and on their health promotion whose introduction will increase the reserve capacities of the children and preserve their health.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Hygienic assessment of ambient air pollution in rural localities in the area exposed to effluents of the Orenburg gas-field complex].
A complex analysis suggests that there has been an increase in airogenic load on the population living in an area exposed to gas waste from the Orenburg gas-field complex at the expense of nitrogen dioxide, which may be associated with its higher levels in the waste from 1058.3 tons/year in 1996 to 2084.89 tons/year in 2000 and with the maximum effluent of 2550.79 tons/year in 1999. The study has revealed that the rural locality with the greatest aerogenic load is the village of Dedurovka.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Estimating the hazard of toxic exposure of the population living in the area of the Orenburg gas-chemical complex to specific pollutants].
Health anomalies in children are induced by environmental contamination with pollutants specific for this region due to the long-term running of the Orenburg gas-chemical complex. On assessing the health hazard of exposure to non-carcinogenic chemicals, the authors used such variable as the hazard coefficient. ⋯ According to the data of route studies, the hazard coefficient exceeded 1 with reference to hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide. Thus, upon exposure to specific air pollutants, such hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide, even at the concentrations below the maximum allowable concentration there is an increased hazard of their toxic effect on the population.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Influence of anthropogenic environmental factors on the occurrence of acute ischemic attacks in the population of an industrial town].
An analysis of the incidence of acute ischemic attacks (AIA) has shown its steady rise in the population of Orenburg in 1997-2000, men are 1.8 times more frequently ill than women with a relatively stable growth in both examined groups. Analyzing morbidity rates in age groups (under and above 50 years) has demonstrated a substantial increase in the incidence of AIA in the under 50-year group living in the Industrial District. The blood levels of essential trace elements in patients with AIA are lower than the normal values in the residents of the Industrial and Central Districts.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Lysozyme of hydrobionts and its role in self-purification of water reservoirs].
Model experiments were carried out to study the effects of hydrobiont lysozyme on self-purifying processes of water reservoirs through its participation in the formation of a community of destructive microorganisms. Lysozyme-resistant forms have been found to lie at basis of bacterial cenosis of the Urals, among which there are lysozyme-active and anti-lysozyme-active ones, their population shows an inverse relationship. The exogenous lysozyme that enters the water reservoir in the period when there is a change in the dominant forms of hydrobionts affects the composition of bacterial cenosis by preserving anti-lysozyme-activity with a high activity (6-8 (g/ml), which causes a change in the microbial community of water reservoir, thus affecting the processes of its self-purification. The bacteria having ALA, which do maintain the capacity of a water reservoir for self-clearance from organic substance, persist under the action of endogenous lysozyme of phyto- and zooplankton among saprophytic microorganisms that are destructive agents in the biocenosis.