Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2010
Comparative Study[Human health risk assessment of environmental pollution at the municipal level].
The established tense environmental situation in Krasnouralsk, Sverdlovsk Region, presents a serious threat to human health. Development of a medium-term municipal environmental program for a Krasnouralsk urban district provides solutions of environmental problems. The human health status and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to chemical substances polluting ambient air, drinking water, and soil have been assessed within the framework of the program. The findings have served as a basis for elaborating technological and sanitary-and-hygienic measures of the environmental program to assure human environmental safety.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2010
Comparative Study[The sanitary and hygienic state of solid garbage burial grounds in the stages of a life cycle].
The purpose of the study was to assess the sanitary-and-hygienic state of solid garbage (SG) burial grounds in the Perm Territory in different stage of a life cycle. This paper presents the results of the study of deposited waste, forming dump soil, and SG ground emissions by general sanitary and sanitary-microbiological parameters and their effect on environmental objects. The performed studies of the sanitary-and-hygienic situation on some grounds of the Perm Territory suggest that there is a need for setting up a system for sanitary-and-monitoring of SG ground and for elaborating engineering, organizational, and prophylactic measures to assure the sanitary-and-hygienic safety of objects and to control the quality and quantity of waste to be buried and the currents of emissions (ground body degassing, filtrating sewage drainage and purification).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2010
Comparative Study[The cytogenetic status of children living in the vicinity of a pulp-and-paper mill].
To evaluate the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of a set of pollutions in the town of Koryazhma, the investigators made a complete karyological analysis (cytogenetic, apoptotic, and indirect proliferation parameters) of buccal and nasal epithelial exfoliative cells in two groups of old school age children living at various distances from a pulp-and-paper mill (PPM). The residential area that is adjacent to the PPM can be considered to be poor in the influence of genotoxic factors since there were 1.6- and 1.65-fold increases in cytogenetic disorders and cells with an atypically shaped nucleus, respectively, with a 1.57-fold reduction in the level of cell apoptosis. Karyological changes were revealed in the nasal mucosa, rather than in the buccal mucosa, which permitted one to recommend for the evaluation of the influence of environmental factors, the impact of ambient air pollution in particular, and to conduct cytogenetic studies on the cells of not only the buccal epithelium (that has been better studied), but also those of the nasal epithelium.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2010
Comparative Study[Rationale for a differential approach to molding a healthy lifestyle in schoolchildren].
The lifestyle of schoolchildren in a large industrial town was studied in relation to the residence (industrial and administrative areas) and the type of an education establishment (general education schools and innovative education establishments). The spread of lifestyle defects (sleep and walk irregularities, inactivity, bad habits, employment) was shown to be higher in the schoolchildren living in the industrial areas, in general education school pupils in particular. That of lifestyle defects was higher in girls (sleep and diet irregularities, inactivity) than in boys. The findings provide evidence that there is a need for a differential approach to molding a healthy lifestyle in schoolchildren, by keeping in mind the environmental and socioeconomic situation of a residence, the type of an education establishment, age, and gender.