Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2009
Multicenter Study Comparative Study[Hygienic and medicosocial problems in the training of pupils at vocational colleges].
The authors studied the specific features of adaptation in a heterogeneous cohort of pupils (final-year pupils of common, compensating education classes and those of auxiliary schools) to the conditions of varying-level vocational training in building professions. The physiological cost of a learning process, which was associated with the volume and nature of a training load, was shown to be high. ⋯ There was evidence that it was necessary to correct the total educational load in all forms of training, by taking into account a 5-day schooling week, the age of pupils and their capabilities. It was established that there was a need for improving work on pupils' health care, having regard to great differences available in the health status of final-year pupils from different types of educational establishments, contraindications to profession familiarization, the high spread of social and behavioral risk factors, and the influence of schooling and training factors.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2009
Comparative Study[Morbidity and problems in medical provision of vocational school pupils].
The medical provision system for vocational college (VC) pupils was apparently destroyed at the turn of the 20th century, causing their health to become worse. In the past 10-12 years, there has been an appreciable increase in the rates of functional impairments and chronic diseases. Cases of profession-related diseases have been revealed in some VCs. Examination of the negative impact of vocational work-related and psychological factors on adolescents' health could substantiate general and differential recommendations to optimize a training process, to prevent diseases, and to improve the health status of pupils from VCs of different profile.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2009
Comparative Study[Integrated assessment of educational conditions in general education establishments of different types].
The integrated assessment of urban general educational establishments has revealed that teaching conditions at most of them do not meet the requirements of hygiene and the natural science bases of age-related psychophysiology. Only at the recently commissioned schools, the teaching conditions are recognized to be acceptable and they may become optimal on remedying flaws in the organization of a teaching-and-educational process. ⋯ Disadvantages in the organization of medical provision are more frequently observed at innovational schools too. The negative impact of higher loads at innovational schools can be leveled, by actively introducing into an educational process the health-preserving and health-improving technologies that should be employed by teachers and medical workers.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2009
Comparative Study[Complex effect of lead on various routes of human entrance in the Far North].
The results of the performed comprehensive study have allowed the authors to give a hygienic assessment of the risk from environmental lead pollution in the Yamal-Nenetsk Autonomous District. By taking into account the regional features in their studies, the authors revealed certain regularities in the formation of environmental lead pollution where, along with a tendency for ambient air pollution to rise, there was a conjugated impact on the quality of portable water on the increase of a complex environmental load. ⋯ To minimize the risk of environmental lead pollution to human health, the regional lead standards has been scientifically founded and recommended for the inhabited localities of the Yamal region, by keeping in mind its combined impact on the organism. When all environmental objects are polluted, human health safety may be, on lead's coming into the body via various routes and modes, afforded if the level of the metal in ambient air of 0.0002 mg/m3 and with that in the drinking water of 0.01 mg/l.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2009
Comparative Study[Assessment of a risk from environmental factors to human health].
Analysis of the findings has shown that the estimation of the sensitization requires the use of a battery of tests, by taking into consideration both the persons having positive tests and the number of positive tests of the used ones. It is necessary to note that the estimation of the specific sensitization to hexavalent chromium has indicated the higher levels of parameters and percent of positive tests among the children living in the area adjacent to the industrial zone with a further decrease as the major sources of pollution is farther. It should be noted that the chromium sensitization is 10% even in the most distant areas.