Gigiena i sanitariia
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
Comparative Study[The health status of children from industrial towns due ambient air pollution].
The author's observations suggest that hygienic monitoring in an industrial city should be made in two areas: 1) ambient air quality and 2) human health. Ambient air quality should be monitored in each town in accordance with an individual program, by taking into account the volume and nature of hazardous substances from the stationary stations, as well as weather conditions, the planning system of residential areas, and the layout of an industrial zone. Monitoring of the population's health in the industrial town should be adapted to the forms and conditions of ambient air quality monitoring in order to reveal environmental pollution-induced changes.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
[Provision of Russia's pediatric population with sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being].
There have been negative tendencies for the formation of public health to be preserved in the past decade. The most important tendency is for the worse physical development and health of children and adolescents. The 2002 All-Russian medical examination of children has provided support for the negative tendencies in the health status of children - the proportion of healthy children during the above period had reduced from 45.5% to 33.9%. ⋯ Adolescents with risky forms of sexual behavior have increased in number. This in combination with underhygienic measures leads to the spread of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases among them. For children's sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in the Russian Federation, it is expedient: 1) to complete the development of the adverse influence of environmental factors on the health status of children, which envisages the implementation of measures to improve their habitat (ambient air, portable water), intraschool environment, and living conditions in the families, socially poor ones in particularly, nutritional pattern, and lifestyle in children and adolescents; and 2) to introduce prophylactic syllabi at school in order to form healthy life style skills, a conscious attitude to the health status of theirs and those around them, etc. in children and adolescents.
-
Somatic trends was considered in Moscow children in a wide age range of 3 to 17 years, by attracting several series of data since the 1990s. To have the greater informative value in data analyses, investigators use the normalized rather than absolute values of various anthropometric signs in the considered data series versus the 2005 data in the age range of 3 to 7 years and versus the 1980s data in the range of 8 to 17 years. ⋯ The stronger somatic trend in preschool children can be associated with that they are, as compared with schoolchildren, neophytes in the compact anthropogenic space and have been, in the past decades, involved in the neurogenic growth stimulators world (a computer and computer games, unlimited TV seeing, inevitable intensive preparation for new-generation schools--increased intellectual-load lyceums and colleges). The decreased transverse body development and overall constitution asthenization seem to result from somatic muscular component abatement with no clear trends in adipopexis in schoolchildren and with an increase in subcutaneous fat deposition in preschool children.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
Comparative Study[Impact of atmospheric pollution on preschool children's health].
The implication of relatively low atmospheric pollution on preschool children's health was studied. There were no significant differences in parameters, such as health index, the frequency of functional impairments, acute morbidity rates in children living in the areas of concentration of low-power air pollution sources and in the pure areas. However, a significantly larger number of ill children and children with Staphylococcus aureus being detected on the nasal mucosa were identified in the relatively high atmospheric air pollution areas.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2008
[The trace element profile in children from various goiter-endemic areas of the Arkhangelsk Region].
The paper presents the results of studying the trace element status in residents from various goiter-endemic areas of the Arkhangelsk Region. It is concluded that endemic goiter in the study areas is determined by not only iodine deficiency, but also by the imbalance of thyroid-specific elements. ⋯ Moreover, an iodine-sufficient area is characterized by the lower levels of Ca, Mg, and Mn. Trace element imbalance is accounted for by the biogeochemical features of the areas under study.