Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2014
[Hygienic characteristics of the quality OF underground drinking water in oil-producing areas].
The purpose of the research was the assessment and the disclosure of the features of the pollution of groundwater at the oil-producing areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the elaboration of hygienic recommendations for environmentally sound water management. According to results of the studies performed there is presented the characteristic of main reasons leading to the pollution of groundwater in the location of oil and gas producing regions There was suggested the complex of hygienic recommendations and management decisions on the improvement of the water supply in areas with advanced oil production.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2014
[Dynamics of adaptation processes and morbidity risk for the popupation of the territory of industrial cities].
There was investigated the character of the adaptation processes in the population residing in conditions ofprolonged exposure to environmental pollution in the territory of the industrial cities of the Irkutsk region in order to identify the possible periodicity of their manifestations in the formation of the morbidity risk for the population of different age groups. Under conditions of prolonged exposure to air pollution and other adverse unfavorable factors of industrial cities in the population of all age groups long cyclic changes of adaptation processes in the body in the form of repeated 11-15-years cycles in which a period of relative destabilization of physiological functions with lowered resistance is replaced by the period with the state of elevated nonspecific resistance were established to be observed. Undulating changes of the dynamics of the relative risks of general morbidity should be considered in the assessment of the medical and environmental situation in the territory and making the managing decisions at the base on the data of public health monitoring.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2014
[Ecologo-hygienic criteria and monitoring indices of oil-contaminated peaty soils].
Intensive oil extraction in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug is not uncommon accompanied by emergency situations giving rise to the pollution of soil, surface and groundwater and causing an elevation in the population morbidity rate. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the basis for information value of hygienic indices of peat soils with low levels of oil contamination: from background values to exceeding the latters as much as 10-20 times, to apply in the study results in hygienic monitoring and oil regulation. The study was performed in accordance with the current methodological regulations. There was established the expediency of determination in transforming in the soil, composition of the petroleum hydrocarbons not only alkanes but arenes and resin-asphaltene fractions, indices of phytotoxicity, translocation of petroleum products into plants testing of soil extracts on protozoa and invertebrates.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2014
[hygienic assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept for the improvement the water supply of population in the south-east region of the Republic of Tatarstan].
In the paper there is presented the hygienic evaluation of the implementation of the program aimed at the improvement of the water supply of the population in the oil-producing regions of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result of the implementation of measures it managed to improve the quality of drinking water in terms of chemical harmlessness and to reduce the risk to public health. Currently following factors as quality of the water from water sources, the mismatch of sanitary protection zone to requirements of sanitary legislation and the failure of regime measures in its territory, water quality deterioration during transportation and the inadequacies in the laboratory control were shown to make the highest contribution to the disadvantage of centralized drinking water systems.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2014
[Heterogeneity of microbial communities of surface waters on indices of antibiotic resistance of bacteria].
Microorganisms isolated from reservoirs within urbanized areas, have acquired multiple antibiotic resistance, in this connection during the microbiological monitoring of water objects as an additional criterion of anthropogenic pollution it is worth to take into account indices of antibiotic resistance of bacteria. The study of heterogeneity of microbial communities of largest reservoirs in Eastern Siberia (Angara River and Lena) in terms of antibiotic resistance bacteria was performed from the positions of cluster structuredness. ⋯ Thus, the heterogeneity of the microbial populations permits to present comparative quantitative assessment of reservoirs, as well as their portions, in terms of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms. The increment in the proportion of resistant strains reflects the sanitary and epidemiological importance of this property, because provides evidence of the contamination of water supplies by household sewage.