Gigiena i sanitariia
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2006
[Hygienic evaluation of the risk of man-made environmental influences on human health].
In Ufa, the largest industrial center of oil-refining industry, petrochemistry, and chemistry, a long-term exposure to chemical compounds has resulted in a high chemical load on the body. A previous exposure to high doses and concentrations of a complex of pollutants caused a reduction in the total resistance of the entire population on the territory of the city. The higher mortality rates, including those due to cancer, undoubtedly reflects both the exposure to delayed effects of a complex of chemical compounds, the total level of which exceeded the hygienic standards, and the combined effects of a whole complex of pollutants over 25-30 years. Therefore, on assessing the risks of technogenic action on the health status of the population of a city with the traditionally petrochemical and chemical profile under the conditions of complex pollution, it is necessary to take into account the priority regional features: the delayed presentation of adverse environmental exposures.
-
The interaction of the interested services and authorities in implementing a package of goal-oriented organizational, comprehensive preventive and antiepidemic measures has given stability of the sanitary-and-epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation in some recent years. To accomplish the tasks, particularly those in developing a package of measures to reduce the prevalence of infectious diseases, the "Health" national program has been drawn up for 2006-2007 this year. One of the priorities of the program is to enhance the prophylactic orientation of the public health care system. ⋯ It was assumed that 2006 spring migration might lead to the spread of pathogenic influenza H5N1 viruses throughout European Russia. This was due to the fact that the birds migrating to European Russia and a portion of birds migrating from Siberia have common winter nesting areas. To prevent mass influenza virus-infected birds' death and human infection in the epizootic localities, the federal surveillance service for protection of users' rights and human well-being jointly with the federal veterinary and phytosanitary surveillance service, and public health care administrative bodies has organized and implemented a package of measures: active headquarters have been set up in the epizooty-afflicted subjects to coordinate activities in localizing the spread of epizooty of birds; emergency commissions and antiepizootic commissions have been held; regulatory documents on the Russian Federation's subjects have been published; daily collection, analysis, systematization, and exchange of information between interested services, et. are under way.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2006
[Estimation of environmental factors-caused damage to human health in the Republic of Kazakhstan].
The author proposes a theoretical rationale for estimation of environmental factor-induced damage to human health in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The stochastic nature of damage is shown and an association of the latter with the health risk category has been established. The author has developed a model of a relationship of health life expectancy to the level of gross domestic product and a procedure for economic evaluation of environment-induced damage to human health.