Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2004
Comparative Study[Some environmental and hygienic aspects of preschool children's health in an industrial town].
The results of a medical genetic study of the spread of congenital morphogenetic types (CMGT) among 3-7-year-old children living in Magnitogorsk whose territory is highly polluted with chemical compounds are presented. In Magnitogorsk, the mean of CMGT cases per child is 2.89, which is much greater than the respective values for environmentally favorable cities and towns in Russia. The most common signs are as follows: diastema (137.79 cases per 1000 children), clinodactyly (135.98 per 1000), epicanthus (122.44 per 1000), and wide umbilical ring (110.71 per 1000).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2004
Comparative Study[Impact of building and finishing materials and new furniture on the occurrence of respiratory diseases in children].
An epidemiological survey was made in 9 cities and towns of Russia to study the influence of emissions from building and finishing materials and new furniture on children's health. About 6,000 questionnaires containing the questions as to their apartment repairs and furniture changes were filled in. ⋯ The logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the types of building materials used for repairs and the respiratory symptoms. There was a significant relationship of the chemical substances emitted from building materials and new furniture to the incidence of respiratory and allergic diseases in young schoolchildren.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2004
Comparative Study[Influence of multimetallic pollution of environmental objects on changes in the trace element composition of the biological media in children].
The paper shows guidelines used to develop a procedure for detecting heavy metals in biological fluids (urine, bile, gastric juice, blood, hair, placenta, meconium, breast milk) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry at the level of 10(-1)-10(-3) microg/ml(-1) with the maximum analysis error of 17.9%. It also proposes guidelines for determining (calculating) the regional background levels of metals in the biological media of children (in case of the Perm Region). The guidelines have been used to compare the ecological situation in large industrial towns of the Perm Region in compliance with the standard levels of metals in the biological media. The results of studies of risk groups, such as lying women and neonatal infants, show a number of relationships and regularities that lie in diminishing the barrier function of the placenta in the mother-newborn system in a poor environmental area.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Hygienic aspects of the impact of solid waste disposal sites on the habitat].
The "Dmitrovsky" solid garbage (SG) ground is one of the largest enterprises of this kind in the Moscow Region. A total of 200,000-750,000 tons of solid garbage (91%) and industrial waste products (9%) annually come to the ground. ⋯ From the accumulated SG deposits, iron, manganese, beryllium, titanium, barium, boron, petroleum products enter the surface and underground waters, methane, carbon oxide, ammonia, toluene, xylene, hydrogen sulfide, cresol, phenol come into the atmospheric air; the compounds of zinc, lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, magnesium, and cobalt do into the soil. The studies conducted in 1997-2002 make it possible to establish that the ground has a negative impact on the environment and to evaluate the efficiency of nature-conservation and hygienic measures, and to improve the technological process of SG utilization.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Some results of the activities of the sanitary-epidemiological service in environmental monitoring in the Tashkent region of the Republic of Uzbekistan].
The paper describes some results of the activities of the centers of the sanitary-and-epidemiological service of the Ministry of Republic of Uzbekistan in controlling the quality of tap water, the pollution of atmospheric air, soil, raw food and foodstuffs under the reforms of the public health system (according to the 2001 data).