Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR
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Postoperative shivering is a frequent event after cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Shivering is uncomfortable for the patient and may interfere with monitoring. The exact aetiology of shivering is unknown and therefore has no definite treatment. ⋯ In spinal anaesthesia for cesarean section, the temperature of bupivacaine does not influence the overall incidence of post spinal shivering; however cold bupivacaine can provoke early onset of shivering.
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With the increase in the hepatobiliary, pancreatic surgeries and liver transplantation, being aware of the anatomic variations of the celiac axis and the hepatic arteries is of paramount importance. ⋯ Our study identified the normal anatomy and variations in celiac axis and hepatic arterial anatomy in South Indian population, which correlated well with studies in other populations.
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Aspergilloma or mycetoma is a saprophytic fungal infection that colonizes pre-existing excavated lung lesion. However, its association with systemic sclerosis related interstitial lung disease is unusual and scarcely found in literature. We report a middle aged female with long standing systemic sclerosis, who was on immunosuppressive therapy for many years, presented with repeated haemoptysis. ⋯ Although she had been treated with itraconazole for more than three years, she had recurrent haemoptysis during this period without any significant regression of size of the aspergilloma. Management of aspergilloma in a background of extensive interstitial lung disease remains poorly defined and complicated. Thereby, overall prognosis is unfavourable and depends on evolution of both underlying scleroderma as well as aspergilloma.
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Pedunculated polyps of the palatine tonsil are rare benign tumours of tonsil. Most of the cases have been reported in adults with varying presenting symptoms. We report a 12-year-old male child who presented with 6 months history of difficulty in swallowing. ⋯ Left tonsil was normal. A diagnosis of fibroepithelial polyp of right palatine tonsil was made based on histopathological findings. An unusual presentation of a rare condition in a paediatric patient has been discussed along with the clinical and histopathological features of this lesion.
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Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a term used to describe neoplastic epithelial abnormalities of conjunctiva and cornea, ranging from Squamous Dysplasia to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In recent times, the incidence of OSSN seems to be on the rise, especially in developing countries like India. ⋯ Increased incidence of OSSN was observed in males and people with outdoor occupations. Nodular type of lesion is the commonest variety. HIV positive individuals have an increased incidence of OSSN with invasive characteristics. Hence, ophthalmologists need to be aware of this association and a thorough workup is warranted for all patients presenting with OSSN, especially in the younger age group. Our study Also suggests that OSSN may be the first manifestation of underlying HIV infection.