Yonsei medical journal
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As Korean society has become industrialized and westernized, the prevalence of diabetes has increased rapidly. Environmental factors, especially socio-economic status (SES), may account for the increased prevalence of diabetes. We evaluated the associations between the prevalence of diabetes and SES as reflected by household income and education level. ⋯ Public policies for the prevention and management of diabetes should be targeted toward people of lower SES, especially middle-aged females.
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Yonsei medical journal · May 2015
Dietary calcium and Framingham Risk Score in vitamin D deficient male (KNHANES 2009-2011).
The association between excess calcium intake and cardiovascular mortality has already been reported. In the present study, we investigated the relation between dietary calcium intake and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status. ⋯ Very low (<300 mg/day) and excess (>1200 mg/day) dietary calcium intake were related with higher FRS in both genders. In particular, higher FRS was observed in the excess (>1200 mg/day) dietary calcium intake male group under vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L).
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Yonsei medical journal · May 2015
Expectorant and antitussive effect of Hedera helix and Rhizoma coptidis extracts mixture.
This study aims to investigate the additive effect of the Hedera helix (HH) and Rhizoma coptidis (RC) extracts mixture on antitussive and expectorant activities in animals. ⋯ This study provides evidence for antitussive and expectorant effect of a 3:1 mixture of HH and RC, which may be a useful therapeutic option for respiratory diseases.