The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Oct 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialHemodynamic and anesthetic advantages of dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2-agonist, for surgery in prone position.
The alpha2-agonist dexmedetomidine (Dex), a sedative and analgesic, reduces heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, and has been used in the practice of anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Dex on hemodynamic variables, anesthetic sparing effects, and recovery profiles in patients who underwent surgery in prone position. The prone position itself can cause a decrease in the systemic blood pressure. ⋯ Thus, the use of Dex caused no detrimental effects on the hemodynamic variables in prone position. In addition, Dex decreased pressure response to intubation, and anesthetic and analgesic requirements, shortened recovery times, and decreased postoperative pain level. Dex may be an alternative to currently used adjunctive anesthetic agents in lumbar discectomy operations.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jan 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSuprascapular nerve block versus steroid injection for non-specific shoulder pain.
Shoulder pain is a common complaint in elder population and may cause an important functional disability. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of suprascapular nerve block with those of steroid injection in patients with non-specific shoulder pain. A total of 60 patients with shoulder pain lasting for more than four weeks were included in this study. ⋯ No method was found to be superior to each other (p >0.05). No complications occurred in suprascapular nerve block in contrary to steroid injection. We suggest that suprascapular nerve block can be considered the preferred treatment for non-specific shoulder pain because of being as effective as steroid injection with rare side effects.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntraocular pressure and quality of blockade in peribulbar anesthesia using ropivacaine or lidocaine with adrenaline: a double-blind randomized study.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ropivacaine with those of lidocaine on the intraocular pressure (IOP) and the quality of the blockade in peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery. Fifty patients were allocated randomly into two groups and received 7-10 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine or 2% lidocaine with adrenaline, though the peribulbar two-point injection. The quality of the blockade was assessed by ocular and eyelid akinesia, pain during the peribulbar injection, and surgical satisfaction. ⋯ The duration of the motor block obtained with ropivacaine was longer than that obtained with lidocaine. Our data indicate that ropivacaine has efficacy similar to lidocaine, with slightly longer onset and duration of the motor blockade. In addition, ropivacaine (0.75%) induces lower IOP and less pain on injection than does lidocaine (2%) when used in peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of propofol and sevoflurane for laryngeal mask airway insertion.
In this study, we compared haemodynamic changes, laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion time, and complications in patients anesthetized by inhalation of sevoflurane with those of intravenous induction with propofol. One hundred patients, aged between 20-40 years were enrolled in this study. Group 1 received propofol (2.5 mg/kg i.v.) and group 2 received sevoflurane (6%+50% N2O+50% O2) by inhalation using the tidal volume technique. ⋯ Apnoea was significantly higher in propofol group (40%) than in sevoflurane group (0%). Sevoflurane is an alternative to propofol for induction of anaesthesia and has a lower incidence of apnoea. Other complication rates are not higher than which propofol but the longer duration of induction time is a disadvantage.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · May 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialDifferences in respiratory parameters during continuous positive airway pressure and pressure support ventilation in infants and children.
The extubation criteria of pressure support ventilation (PSV) in infants and children were not yet established. We studied the differences in respiratory parameters during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) using a constant flow type ventilator and PSV using a demand valve type ventilator. Nineteen children (1.9+/-2.9 years old) who were ready to extubate were studied. ⋯ DR was 0.382+/-0.067 and 0.359+/-0.085, and MF was 96.6+/-78.3 and 101.0+/-69.0 ml/sec., respectively. The measured parameters and calculated values showed no significant difference between CPAP and PSV. It was found that the respiratory parameters were almost the same with CPAP and PSV immediately before the extubation, and the previous extubation criteria of CPAP can be used.