Journal of thoracic disease
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To identify risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). ⋯ Special methods of preventions should be taken in the light of risk factors of VAP in PICU so as to decrease the rate.
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Since acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was first described in 1967 there has been large number of studies addressing its pathogenesis and therapies. Despite this intense research activity, there are very few effective therapies for ARDS other than the use of lung protection strategies. This lack of therapeutic modalities is not only related to the complex pathogenesis of this syndrome but also the insensitive and nonspecific diagnostic criteria to diagnose ARDS. This review article will summarize the key features of the new definition of ARDS, and provide a brief overview of innovative therapeutic options that are being assessed in the management of ARDS.
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To explore the feasibility and dosage of tramadol combined with fentanyl in awake endotracheal intubation. ⋯ Fiberoptic bronchoscope guided nasotracheal intubation can be successfully completed with background administration of fentanyl and tramadol. However, the specific dosages need to be tailored in different age of patients.
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It is believed that the stretch of cardiomyocytes is the most important stimulus of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) release; however, its correlation with volume status represented by global end diastolic volume index (GEDVI) is less well established. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between the changes in BNP and the changes in GEDVI measured with transpulmonary thermodilution technique. ⋯ Changes in BNP concentrations are correlated with changes in GEDVI and serial measurements of BNP concentrations may be a useful tool for monitoring volume status.