Frontiers in pharmacology
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Frontiers in pharmacology · Jan 2020
The Effects of Salvianolate Combined With Western Medicine on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Salvianolate, a compound mainly composed of salvia magnesium acetate, is extracted from the Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza. Because of its biological activity, easy quality control and certain efficacy, salvianolate is widely used in treating ischemic cardiocerebral vascular disease, liver damage, renal injury, diabetes, and its complications. Particularly, it has potential protective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN). ⋯ This study indicated that salvianolate combined with western medicine contributes to protecting renal function, inhibiting inflammation, and exhibiting anti-oxidative properties, thereby improving clinical efficacy. Thus, salvianolate can be considered as a potential complementary therapy for DN patients. However, due to the low quality of methodology and small sample sizes, more rigorous and larger trials are essential to validate our results.
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Frontiers in pharmacology · Jan 2020
Remifentanil for Carboprost-Induced Adverse Reactions During Cesarean Delivery Under Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia.
Carboprost may induce adverse reactions when used to treat postpartum hemorrhage. We aimed to explore the effects of intravenous infusion of low-dose remifentanil to prevent such reactions. ⋯ We pre-registered this study at http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27707 (ChiCTR1800016292).
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Frontiers in pharmacology · Jan 2020
The Effectiveness and Safety of Commonly Used Injectates for Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodissection Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Entrapment Syndromes: A Systematic Review.
Background: Peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes commonly result in pain, discomfort, and ensuing sensory and motor impairment. Many conservative measures have been proposed as treatment, local injection being one of those measures. Now with high-resolution ultrasound, anatomical details can be visualized allowing diagnosis and more accurate injection treatment. ⋯ Local steroid injection side effects were reported in only one study. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided hydrodissection is a safe and effective treatment for peripheral nerve entrapment. Injectate selection should be considered based on the injectate mechanism, effectiveness, and safety profile.
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Frontiers in pharmacology · Jan 2020
Intrathecal Oxytocin Improves Spontaneous Behavior and Reduces Mechanical Hypersensitivity in a Rat Model of Postoperative Pain.
The first few days post-surgery, patients experience intense pain, hypersensitivity and consequently tend to have minor locomotor activity to avoid pain. Certainly, injury to peripheral tissues produces pain and increases sensitivity to painful (hyperalgesia) and non-painful (allodynia) stimuli. In this regard, preemptive pharmacological treatments to avoid or diminish pain after surgery are relevant. ⋯ Hypersensitivity was evaluated using von Frey filaments, whereas spontaneous activity (total distance, vertical activity episodes, and time spent in the center of the box) was assessed in real time using a semiautomated open-field system. Under these conditions, we found that animals pretreated with spinal oxytocin before plantar incision showed a diminution of hypersensitivity and an improvement of spontaneous behavior (particularly total distance and vertical activity episodes). This report provides a basis for addressing the therapeutic relevance of oxytocin as a potential preemptive analgesic molecule.
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Frontiers in pharmacology · Jan 2020
ReviewAvailable Evidence and Ongoing Clinical Trials of Remdesivir: Could It Be a Promising Therapeutic Option for COVID-19?
The novel coronavirus strain, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and is skyrocketing throughout the globe and become a global public health emergency. Despite promising preventive measures being taken, there is no vaccine or drug therapy officially approved to prevent or treat the infection. Everybody is waiting the findings of ongoing clinical trials in various chemical and biological products. ⋯ Of which, one completed double blind, placebo controlled trial showed that remdesivir showed faster time to clinical improvement in severe COVID-19 patients compared to placebo though not found statistically significant. In addition, two phase 3 randomized open label clinical trials coordinated by Gilead Sciences are being conducted. In addition, WHO Solidarity trial and INSERM DisCoVeRy trials (randomized open labels) were launched recently.