Panminerva medica
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint affection, defined by articular cartilage demolition, risks of which rise with age. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of chondroitin sulfate (CS) course and multistrain live probiotic (LP) administered alone or in combination on the expression of TLR-2, TLR-4, TNF-α and NF-κB in articular cartilage, subchondral bone and synovial membrane during OA in rats. ⋯ The outcomes of our research prove that ChPs amplify the positive action of LPs in OA attenuation.
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This registry study investigated the supplement Pycnogenol® on migraine headache attacks and oxidative stress in otherwise healthy subjects with migraine and moderate headache (MH). ⋯ Pycnogenol® used as prophylaxis appears to reduce pain and the number and severity of symptoms in MH in parallel with a reduction of oxidative stress.