Panminerva medica
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The finding of mutations that activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in people with lung adenocarcinoma resulted in the creation of a new class of biological treatments called tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). These medications have changed how patients with EGFR mutations are clinically managed, nearly doubling their survival rate compared to standard chemotherapy. Though 1st and 2nd generation EGFR TKIs are initially highly effective, typically within 9-14 months all tumors with the mutation progress due to secondary resistance mutations involving alternative molecular pathways. In most cases (up to 60%), this is due to the T790M mutation emerging in the EGFR gene. ⋯ Thus, completed study can assert that digital PCR is able to replace traditional real-time PCR as a more preferable method of high-performance quantitative determination of target nucleic acids and has a relatively high sensitivity without compromising high specificity. Results of this research also show that a liquid biopsy using digital PCR provides an opportunity to avoid repeated tissue biopsy in patients who cannot provide a tumor tissue sample suitable for molecular analysis.
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The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) involving in hypertrophy, calcification, and apoptosis of chondrocytes (CHs). In this study, we focused on a p38 inhibitor named Pamapimod (PAM) in the effect of CH hypertrophy degeneration. ⋯ PAM protects CHs hypertrophy by the inhibition of the p38/MEF2C pathway.
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Recently, the FFR-Guidance for Complete Nonculprit Revascularization (FULL REVASC) trial in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with multiple vessel disease (MVD) did not show differences in the composite endpoint of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization than culprit-lesion-only percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at 4.8 years, although complete revascularization is a recommendation IA in current guidelines. We want to determine through an updated meta-analysis whether complete revascularization is associated with decreased mortality and hard clinical endpoints compared to culprit lesion only PCI. ⋯ In patients with STEMI and MVD without cardiogenic shock, our metanalysis showed that complete revascularization with PCI significantly reduced the risk of non-fatal myocardial reinfarction and ischemic-driven revascularization compared to culprit vessel-only revascularization, without differences in overall mortality.