Przegla̧d epidemiologiczny
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Historical Article
To govern the health or to make the bills of mortality--this is the question for public health in Poland.
In the article important moments in the development of public health at the global scale were presented, assuming that postwar evolution proceeded in two fundamental phases: the first--events which occurred to the proclamation of the Ottawa Charter and introduction of 'new public health' and the second--situations reported after Ottawa to the present time. The current challenges for public health in Poland were also discussed. It was proposed to differentiate two dimensions of public health capacity: internal (ad intra), which is with regard to the power centre, condition within the environment and external (ad extra), which refers to the relation with surroundings and population and enables to deliver sustain services and programmes. The possible strategies aiming at increasing ad intra capacity were also indicated.
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Falls among elderly people causing hospitalization are considered one of the most important public health problems. Our objective was to analyse fall related hospital admissions among seniors (> or = 65 years old) in Poland in 2010. The analyses were conducted with regard to gender, place of residence and age. Additionally, the health consequences of falls among elderly people were studied. Injuries and other consequences of external causes, were expressed in the form of three-character ICD-10 codes representing the underlying disease (S00-T98). ⋯ A comparison of results of research conducted, among other countries, in the United States, The Netherlands, and Denmark, as well as Polish demographic prognosis, has shown that an increase of fall related hospital admissions among senior citizens is to be expected in Poland in oncoming years.
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The study was based on data from: the "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland" bulletins published annually between 2005-2010 (MP Czarkowski i in., PZH i GIS), individual case interviews conducted by sanitary stations and data from Demographic Surveys Departament based in the Central Statistical Office. Analysis of the incidence of yersiniosis in the country during 2010 was based on data on clinical symptoms associated with the disease, age groups, the number of cases in different provinces and the serotypes of Yersinia which were isolated. ⋯ A very large percentage (65.6%) of isolated strains of Yersinia were not serotyped. Yersinia serotype 08 remains very common serotype reported, despite a decline in 2010 in the number of cases notified. The high percentage of hospitalization points that patients with gastrointestinal symptoms are relatively rare direct to routine laboratory diagnostic of Yersinia infection.
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Actually in Poland malaria is not present as an endemic disease, but is one of the most common "imported" diseases. In its mild form it is an awkward illness with recurring fever, whereas the more severe form, which is caused by Plasmodium falciparum can be life-threatening. ⋯ Malaria was most commonly diagnosed among tourists staying for short period of time in an endemic area. Travelers did not use accurate antimalarial prophylaxis. Malaria must be excluded as a potential diagnosis among all fever suffering persons returning from the tropics.
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Comparative Study
[Socio-demographic determinants of inequity of access to health care in Poland in 2011--based on social diagnosis].
The inequity in access to healthcare system is more and more discussed issue in Poland. One of its consequence is the low satisfaction of healthcare services in comparison to other European countries. ⋯ One of the consequences of coexistence of both private and public healthcare sector is inequity in access to healthcare services in Poland.