Acta anaesthesiologica Sinica
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe maternal and fetal effects of the addition of sufentanil to 0.5% spinal bupivacaine for cesarean delivery.
Opioid added to local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia was first introduced into clinical practice in 1979 with intrathecal morphine as a forerunner. As morphine is water soluble and has prolonged action, late respiratory depression following spinal anesthesia is not infrequent and is the most serious complication that causes our concern. Sufentanil which is more hydrophobic than morphine also with shorter duration of action and quicker onset when injected into the subarchnoid space could be more effective and a safer drug as an adjuvant to local anesthetic in spinal anesthesia. ⋯ The addition of intrathecal sufentanil to 0.5% bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia improved perioperative discomfort and significantly reduced the demand of post-operative analgesia but on the other hands, it tended to increase perioperative hypotension and cause mild pruritus.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of PCA nalbuphine and morphine in Chinese gynecologic patients.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of PCA nalbuphine (intravenous) versus morphine on postoperative pain in Chinese gynecologic patients. ⋯ Both PCA nalbuphine and morphine are effective in the treatment of postoperative pain in Chinese gynecologic patients undergoing hysterectomy or myomectomy after spinal anesthesia and the potency of nalbuphine is similar to that of morphine.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe neuromuscular effects of mivacurium in adults with priming technique during nitrous oxide-fentanyl anesthesia: a randomized comparative study with succinylcholine.
We investigated the neuromuscular effects of equipotent dose (3 x ED90) of mivacurium either given as a single bolus or under the influence of priming technique, comparing with that of succinylcholine in adults undergoing elective surgery during nitrous oxide-narcotic anesthesia. ⋯ Priming technique (with 10% of the total dose as the priming dose, and 3 min as the priming interval) can hasten the onset of mivacurium in adults during nitrous oxide-narcotic anesthesia without influencing the duration of action and recovery time.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPrevention of coughing induced by endotracheal tube during emergence from general anesthesia--a comparison between three different regimens of lidocaine filled in the endotracheal tube cuff.
"Deep" extubation, administration of intravenous (i.v.) narcotics, i.v. lidocaine and forestalling local spray of lidocaine have been used to help diminish coughing during emergence. However, the respective efficacy of these techniques has not been concluded. Sconzo et al. indicated that endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff might serve as a reservoir for local anesthetic. Alkalizing and warming are two techniques frequently used to increase in the proportion of uncharged drugs available. Matias indicated that alkalization could prompt a 63-fold increase of the rate of diffusion of lidocaine across the ETT cuff. Huang et al. also observed that alkalization together with warming could achieve a 118-fold increase further. However, the in vivo effects of ETT-cuff lidocaine have not been studied. ⋯ Alkalized and warmed lidocaine prestored in the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff can greatly reduce ETT-induced coughing and thus promote a smoother emergence from general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of ondansetron on postoperative emesis in Chinese children.
Postoperative nausea together with vomiting (PONV) is a common adverse effect of general anesthesia. Ondansetron, a new serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptor antagonist of the subtype 3 is shown to be effective and safe in the prophylaxis and treatment of PONV. However, the clinical experiences of using ondansetron for prevention of PONV is lacking in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ondansetron for prevention of PONV in Chinese children. ⋯ The intravenous administration of ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg is safe and effective in reducing postoperative emesis in Chinese children undergoing herinorrhaphy surgery.