Voprosy onkologii
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The results of treatment of 164 out-patients with far advanced malignancies for chronic pain syndrome are discussed. It was found that subarachnoid, peridural and sacral blocks with alcohol, phenol glycerine and carbolic acid can relieve pain for a long time, improve general condition and save narcotic analgetics. The most effective proved to be peridural block by phenolglycerine which induced analgesia in 67% of cases and maintained it for 45 days.
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Peridural injections of morphine were given to 180 incurable cancer patients suffering chronic pain. The effectiveness of the said procedure as well as its side-effects were assessed. A relationship between the external respiration parameters, on the one hand, and drug dosage and time postinjection, on the other, was studied. The data obtained point to the effectiveness of the said method and suggest that it be used as a universal procedure for the treatment of intractable pain in incurable patients.
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The rate and pattern of primary postoperative cardiovascular complications were studied in 7,986 cancer patients who underwent thoracoabdominal surgery. The complication rate was 2.99%. The lethality rate in patients with complications was 10.0%. Such factors as the age over 60 years, concomitant heart pathology, surgical manipulation in thoracic cavity and mediastinum alone or in combination with preoperative radiation appeared to enhance the risk for postoperative cardiovascular complications development.
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The results of treatment of 134 cases of morphologically-verified localized Ewing's sarcoma were evaluated. A comparative analysis showed relapse-free survival to be significantly lower for radiation treatment (23%) than for its combination with various cytostatic drugs. ⋯ This was matched by 47% for adjuvant adriamycin or carminomycin and 56% for adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide and vincristine. Evaluation of long-term results of adjuvant chemotherapy showed sex, age and site of involvement to be of certain prognostic value.
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Since endocrine factors play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of precancerous and tumor diseases of the pharynx, the study was concerned with assays of total testosterone, albumin, sex steroid-binding globulin and free and protein-bound androgens in the blood serum of patients with malignant and benign tumors of the larynx. Laryngeal cancer patients revealed raised levels of total, free and albumin-bound testosterone matched by a lower concentration of sex steroid-binding globulin. ⋯ An important role of androgens in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer was inferred. Further studies of androgen secretion and transport by blood proteins in laryngeal cancer patients are essential for the investigations of pathways of sex steroid hormones action.