Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Feb 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudySafety and efficacy of semaglutide once weekly vs sitagliptin once daily, both as monotherapy in Japanese people with type 2 diabetes.
To assess the safety and efficacy of monotherapy with once-weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) semaglutide vs sitagliptin in Japanese people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). ⋯ In Japanese people with T2D, more TEAEs were reported with semaglutide than with sitagliptin; however, the semaglutide safety profile was similar to that of other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Semaglutide significantly reduced HbA1c and body weight compared with sitagliptin.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Jan 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialBimagrumab improves body composition and insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant individuals.
To test the hypothesis that an improving body composition in insulin-resistant individuals could enhance insulin sensitivity. ⋯ Taking the observed changes together, and given that these occurred without accompanying dietary intervention and without any prescribed regular physical exercise, bimagrumab may offer a novel approach for the treatment of the metabolic complications of obesity.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Jan 2018
Comparative StudyA novel GIP analogue, ZP4165, enhances glucagon-like peptide-1-induced body weight loss and improves glycaemic control in rodents.
To investigate the effects of the novel glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) analogue, ZP4165, on body weight and glycaemic control in rodents, and to investigate if ZP4165 modulates the anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycaemic effects of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist (liraglutide). ⋯ ZP4165 potentiated the anti-obesity effect of a GLP-1 agonist in obese mice and improved glycaemic control in diabetic mice. These studies support further investigation of dual-incretin therapy as a more effective treatment option than mono GLP-1 medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Jan 2018
Does SGLT2 inhibition with dapagliflozin overcome individual therapy resistance to RAAS inhibition?
Individual patients show a large variation in their response to renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system (RAAS) inhibition (RAASi), both in surrogates such as albuminuria and in hard renal outcomes. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) have been shown to lower albuminuria and to confer cardiovascular and, possibly, renal protection. To establish whether individual therapy resistance to RAASi can be overcome by adding an SGLT2 inhibitor, we assessed individual albuminuria responses in patients exposed to both RAASi and the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin. ⋯ Interestingly, the albuminuria response to RAASi significantly correlated with the response to dapagliflozin (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.635 [95% CI, 0.328-0.821]; P < .001), indicating that patients who did not respond to RAASi also did not respond to dapagliflozin. We concluded that individual therapy resistance to RAASi cannot be overcome with the addition of a completely different class of drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors. These data suggest that the individual drug response is an intrinsic individual characteristic, possibly unrelated to the type of intervention, unless the mode of action of dapagliflozin on albuminuria is through the RAAS.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Jan 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyInsulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) was effective across a range of dysglycaemia and body mass index categories in the DUAL V randomized trial.
This study assessed the efficacy of insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) vs insulin glargine U100 (IGlar) across categories of baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; ≤7.5%, >7.5% to ≤8.5% and >8.5%), body mass index (BMI; <30, ≥30 to <35 and ≥35 kg/m2 ) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG; <7.2 and ≥7.2 mmol/L) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled on basal insulin, using post hoc analyses of the DUAL V 26-week trial. With IDegLira, mean HbA1c was reduced across all baseline HbA1c (1.0%-2.5%), FPG (1.5%-1.9%) and BMI categories (1.8%-1.9%), with significantly greater reductions compared with IGlar U100. ⋯ More patients achieved HbA1c <7% with IDegLira than IGlar U100 across all HbA1c (59%-87% vs 31%-66%), FPG (71%-74% vs 40%-51%) and BMI categories (71%-73% vs 40%-54%). IDegLira improved glycaemic control and induced weight loss in patients with T2D previously uncontrolled on basal insulin, across the categories of baseline HbA1c, FPG or BMI that were tested.