Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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The interaction between hypophosphatemia (HP) and severe malnutrition has received little attention. This study investigated the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of HP among severely malnourished children with sepsis in Bangladesh. ⋯ HP is common among children with sepsis. Potassium <2.5 mmol/L upon admission is considered a risk factor for moderate or severe HP in children with sepsis.
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Comparative Study
Expression and activity of epithelial sodium channel in hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonatal rats.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and activity of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonatal rats. ⋯ Hyperoxia upregulates the expression of ENaC, especially β- and γ-ENaC subunits, in both neonatal rat lung tissues and ATII cells. Hyperoxia also enhanced the activity of ENaC in neonatal rat ATII cells. Dysfunctional transport of Na(+) may not be a key factor involving pulmonary edema at the early stage of BPD.
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The efficacy of early intervention programs for children with autism has been emphasized in many studies. However, access for people with autism to professional services in Poland is very limited and the burden of supporting a child's development often falls on parents, especially in families with low socioeconomic status and families living far away from big cities. Using Internet resources in planning and delivering individualized intervention may be useful. This study examined the effects of a home program of intervention based on the AutismPro system with elements of consultative therapy. ⋯ The results suggest that an intervention which combines the use of the Internet support tool and professional consultations may provide benefits to the children with autism. There are, however, methodological limitations of the study to be taken into account when interpreting the results.
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A tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is a common complication of pelvic inflammatory disease in premenopausal women; however, in virginal females, TOAs are an exceedingly rare occurrence. Within this rare subset of patients, there is almost always an underlying condition, such as vaginal voiding, or a concomitant disease process. A virginal adolescent female with no prior medical history presented with a large pelvic mass which proved to be a TOA. ⋯ With only the organism, Streptococcus viridians, isolated in her cultures, an etiology of direct ascension from the lower genitourinary tract is implicated. We believe this to be the youngest case of a TOA occurring in a virginal adolescent female without a predisposing condition. A TOA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses in previously healthy pediatric patients regardless of their sexual activity.
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder due to cytokine overproduction from excessively activated lymphocytes and macrophages. HLH has been divided into two subgroups: primary HLH and secondary HLH. Primary HLH includes PRF1, UNC13D, STX11, STXBP2, RAB27A, LYST, SH2D1A and XIAP gene mutations; and secondary HLH is associated with infections, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. ⋯ Analysis of clinical phenotypes of XLP patients suggests that XLP predominantly shows familial HLH phenotypes, whereas some XLP patients present sporadic HLH. For many decades, clinicians and investigators have been concerned with possible XLP in young boys presenting with Epstein-Barr-virus-associated HLH. This review aims to describe the new knowledge about XLP and to draw the attention of the pediatrician to XLP, which should be differentiated from other forms of HLH.