Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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A significant proportion of cases of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration due to life-threatening condition is observed during childhood. The aim of the present study was to describe our experience with the diagnosis and treatment of foreign body aspirations during childhood and review published literature. ⋯ Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a significant cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment is of utmost importance. Rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia should be performed in all patients suspected of foreign body aspiration, which could minimize mortality and morbidity if performed by experienced personnel with safe methods.
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In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of fever, hypothermia, and temperature instability in term and preterm newborns during the first 3 days of life and to identify risk factors for early onset sepsis (EOS) among newborns presenting with these temperature symptoms. ⋯ Every seventh newborn hospitalized at our neonatal intensive care unit developed fever, hypothermia and/or temperature instability during the first 3 days of life. Two-thirds of them had culture-proven or clinical sepsis. Temperature symptoms were rarely observed in EOS-negative newborns (8%) but despite low sensitivity, were highly specific for bacterial infection in preterm and term newborns.
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The Canadian Paediatric Triage and Acuity Scale (P-CTAS) is used and modified at hospitals as a triage tool for pediatric patients before they are seen in emergency rooms. Pediatric surgery patients account for very few of the many patients in emergency departments, but they should be triaged as emergency or urgent because they might be candidates for surgery. Problems with and improvements for triaging pediatric surgery patients using the P-CTAS were studied. ⋯ P-CTAS worked well for pediatric surgery patients, and it needs to be modified and improved for such patients based on these results.
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Although the administration of levothyroxine sodium (LT4) to premature infants had been considered safe, several cases of late-onset circulatory collapse (LCC) following the administration of LT4 in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants have been reported in Japan since 2008. This study was performed to investigate the incidence of LCC associated with the administration of LT4 to VLBW infants. ⋯ LT4 is widely used for infants, including VLBW infants, and no major complications have been reported. However, our study revealed that more than a few cases of LCC were associated with the administration of LT4 in VLBW infants. In conclusion, careful attention is necessary when initiating the administration of LT4 to VLBW infants.
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Comparative Study
Electrocardiogram shows reliable heart rates much earlier than pulse oximetry during neonatal resuscitation.
The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the three-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) during neonatal resuscitation. ⋯ ECG was a safe and reliable method for showing HR, and was used to determine the initiation and the effectiveness of resuscitation in the delivery room.