Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
-
Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) causes severe pneumonia in children. The mechanism of development of respiratory failure in pneumonia patients remains unknown. This report describes clinical features of childhood influenza A pneumonia. ⋯ Tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis and leukocytosis with neutrophilia, could be useful predictors at admission to identify high-risk influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia in children.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of lipid emulsions on antioxidant capacity in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition.
Although a variety of different lipid emulsions with varying fatty acid contents have been developed, there are some concerns about the administration of these lipid emulsions because of potential adverse effects, including oxidative stress-related morbidity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effects of the standard soybean oil-based and olive oil-based i.v. lipid emulsions (ILE) on oxidative stress, determined by total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and to investigate the safety of the use of these two emulsions in terms of biochemical indices. ⋯ Olive oil-based ILE exhibit similar antioxidant activity and can be used as an alternative to soybean oil-based ILE. TAC significantly decreased in infants following administration of either lipid emulsion, and premature infants tolerated either ILE well, both biochemically and clinically.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Reducing hypothermia in preterm infants with polyethylene wrap.
Occlusive plastic applied immediately after birth to reduce evaporative heat loss has been proven effective in preterm infants <28 weeks' gestation. However its effectiveness on preterm infants >28 weeks' gestation has not been shown. This study aimed to determine the effect of occlusive wrap at birth on the temperature at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission among infants of greater than or equal to 24 weeks' and less than 34 weeks' gestation. ⋯ Wrapping premature infants with gestational age <34 weeks in polyethylene plastics immediately after birth is associated with lower incidence of hypothermia.
-
Comparative Study
Risk factors and pathogen profile of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care unit in China.
The aim of the present study was to explore the incidence and risk factors of, and summarize the involved pathogens in, neonates with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the authors' neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to determine the effective strategies for prevention. ⋯ The daily risk for VAP increases with duration of stay in the NICU after ventilation. Drug-resistant bacteria are common pathogens for neonatal VAP in the authors' NICU.