Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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This study investigated risk factors of childhood urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria (ESBL-positive UTI) and evaluated antimicrobial resistance as well as empiric treatment of childhood UTI. ⋯ Clean intermittent catheterization, hospitalization and history of infection in the last 3 months should be considered as risk factors for ESBL-positive UTI. The combination of ampicillin plus amikacin should be taken into consideration for empiric therapy in patients with acute pyelonephritis who have the risk factors for ESBL-positive UTI. Nitrofurantoin seems to be a logical choice for the empiric therapy of cystitis.
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Rectal temperature is commonly used as the core temperature during therapeutic hypothermia therapy in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The purpose of this study was to examine whether nasopharyngeal temperature could serve as a substitute for rectal temperature. ⋯ Nasopharyngeal temperature in neonates with perinatal HIE undergoing therapeutic hypothermia may be a suitable substitute for rectal temperature.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical presentation, diagnostic studies, and volvulus rate and to describe the unusual clinical clues of intestinal malrotation. ⋯ Malrotation with or without midgut volvulus is not a rare condition and should be kept in mind for any age group. Specific signs of diagnosis are not easily identified. In the case of unusual clinical presentation, diagnosis may be delayed and can result in catastrophic consequences if intestinal perfusion occurs. Although midgut volvulus is seen most frequently in infants, risk and complication rate are high beyond 1 year of age as well, and can manifest as failure to thrive, food intolerance, and abdominal pain needing recurrent hospitalization. Diagnostic suspicion and interdisciplinary coordination are essential for timely diagnosis and surgical treatment.
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Observational Study
Arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate after birth in newborns with and without maternal bonding.
The aim of this study was to determine and compare changes in arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) and heart rate (HR) in healthy term infants with and without maternal bonding. ⋯ In healthy term newborns, maternal bonding in infants born by cesarean section did not have effects on SpO2 . Some differences were observed in HR between infants born by cesarean section with and without bonding.
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Although both self-paced and externally paced field tests are widely used in cystic fibrosis (CF), it is still unclear whether they induce clinically relevant and similar cardiorespiratory responses. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and 6 min walk test (6MWT), and to determine the factors influencing exercise capacity in CF. ⋯ The ISWT is a better reflection of exercise tolerance in CF than 6MWT. ISWT is a preferable alternative assessment of exercise tolerance in terms of cardiorespiratory response.