Frontiers in medicine
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Frontiers in medicine · Jan 2020
Correlation Between the COVID-19 Respiratory Triage Score and SARS-COV-2 PCR Test.
Background: COVID-19 clinical presentation is usually non-specific and includes commonly encountered symptoms like fever, cough, nausea, and vomiting. It has been reported that COVID-19 patients can potentially transmit the disease to others before developing symptoms. Thus, extensive surveillance and screening of individuals at risk of the disease is required to limit SARS-COV-2 spread. ⋯ Clinical characteristics that independently predicted positive COVID-19 PCR test include male sex (adjusted OR: 1.47; p = 0.034), healthcare workers and their family members (adjusted OR: 1.99; 95%; p = 0.016), fever (adjusted OR: 2.98; p < 0.001), and moderate disease severity (adjusted OR: 5; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The current COVID-19 respiratory triage score has marginal diagnostic performance characteristics. Its performance can improve by including additional predictors to the respiratory symptoms in order to avoid missing COVID-19 patients with atypical presentation and to limit unnecessary SARS-COV-2 PCR testing.
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Frontiers in medicine · Jan 2020
Effect of High-Flow Oxygen on Exercise Performance in COPD Patients. Randomized Trial.
Background: High-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) provides oxygen-enriched, humidified, and heated air at high flow rates via nasal cannula. It could be an alternative to low-flow oxygen therapy (LFOT) which is commonly used by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during exercise training. Research Question: We evaluated the hypothesis that HFOT improves exercise endurance in COPD patients compared to LFOT. ⋯ Therefore, HFOT is promising for enhancing exercise performance in COPD. Clinical Trial Registration: www. ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03955770.
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Frontiers in medicine · Jan 2020
Lung Involvement in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome-An Under-Diagnosed Entity.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents a frequent extra-glandular manifestation of primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS). Limited published data regarding phenotyping and treatment exists. Advances in managing specific ILD phenotypes have not been comprehensively explored in patients with coexisting pSS. ⋯ Median follow-up was 38.2 [12.4-119.6] months. Lung involvement in pSS is heterogeneous. Better phenotyping and tailored treatment may improve outcomes and requires further evaluation in larger prospective studies.
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Frontiers in medicine · Jan 2020
Liver Injury in Critically Ill and Non-critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Observational Study.
Background: Liver injury commonly occurs in patients with COVID-19. There is limited data describing the course of liver injury occurrence in patients with different disease severity, and the causes and risk factors are unknown. We aim to investigate the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of liver injury in patients with COVID-19. ⋯ Liver injury was related to prolonged hospital stay and viral shedding duration in patients with COVID-19. Clinical Trial Registration: World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ChiCTR2000030593. Registered March 8, 2020.
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Frontiers in medicine · Jan 2020
Endotoxemia-Induced Release of Pro-inflammatory Mediators Are Associated With Increased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Humans in vivo.
Introduction: Sepsis is the most prevalent cause of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Conversely, in some septic patients the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is augmented. The role of the inflammatory response and blood pressure to induce this increased GFR is unknown. ⋯ In multiple linear regression analysis, both peak IL-6 (p = 0.002) and IL-8 (p = 0.01) concentrations remained significantly correlated with GFRiohexol, without collinearity. Discussion: Concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but not blood pressure, are correlated with the endotoxemia-induced increase in GFR in healthy volunteers. These findings may indicate that inflammatory mediators orchestrate the augmented GFR observed in a subgroup of sepsis patients.